Three Theories of Learning

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Key Concepts: 1. Acquisition 2. Extinction 3. Generalization 4. Discrimination

Three Theories of Learning

Social / Observational Learning

Requirements:

Attention Retention Motor Reproduction Reinforcement

Albert Bandura

How?

Bobo Doll

Learning that occurs when a person observes and imitates someone else's behaviour

Operant Conditioning

John Watson

Learning in which consequences for behaviour, changes the likelihood that the behaviour will occur in the future

Requires some kind of consequence

Consequences: Positive Reinforcement- adds stimuli, increase behaviour Negative Reinforcement- removes stimuli, increase behaviour Positive Punishment- adds stimuli, decrease behaviour Negative Punishment - removes stimuli, decrease behaviour

Two types of reinforcements

Partial Reinforcement - reinforcement for every occurence of the targeted behaviour Continuous Reinforcement - reinforcement that is occasional or intermittent

Operant Conditioning requires a schedule

Schedule: Fixed-Ratio Variable- Ratio Fixed Interval Variable Interval

Skinners pigeons and rats

Learning Definition: A relatively permanent change in behaviour or knowledge that occurs through experience

Classical Conditioning

Must require:

Unconditioned Stimuli Unconditioned Response Conditioned Stimuli Conditioned Response

Who?

Pavlov

Definition

Learning in which one connects an automatic response to an external stimuli