Wireless sensor networks

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Wireless sensor networks

Von Neumann Arch

1. Single Memory Space: Von Neumann architecture features a unified memory space for both program instructions and data storage, simplifying programming and data access. 2. Single Bus and Clock Dependency: It employs a single bus for data transfer between the processor and memory, which leads to relatively slow processing speeds as each data transfer. necessitates a separate clock cycle, limiting throughput.

Node Architecture

1.It is through a node that sensing, processing, and communication take place. 2. It stores and executes the communication protocols and the data-processing algorithms.

Havard Architecture

The Harvard architecture modifies the Von Neumann architecture by providing separate memory spaces for storing program instructions and data.

Challenges

1.Quality of Service 2.Energy Efficiencey 3.Security Concerns 4.Network Throughput 5.Cross Layer Optimization

Applications

1.Environmental 2.Health 3.Military 4.Urban 5.IOT

Analog to digital

Sampling frequency, determined by Nyquist rate, is crucial, but wireless sensor networks may require oversampling due to noise.

Contiki os

1. Open Source 2. Highly Portable 3. Multitasking 4. Memory Efficient 5. Small amount of memory. 6. Released on 2001

Simulation Tools

1. NS2 2. Contiki OS 3. Tossim 4. Omnet++ 5. JSIM 6. AVRORA

Sensor nodes

1. Microcontroller 2. External memory 3. power source 4. ADC 5. Sensor

Definition

WSN is an infrastructureless network that is deployed in a large no.of.sensors in an adapt manner that is used to monitor the system or physical environmental conditions.