Agriculture & Environment
Environmental Factors
CLIMATE
Tropics
High temperature
Lot of rainfall
Many agricultural activities
Hot, wet tropical areas
Crops
Paddy
Rubber
Oil palm
Cocoa
Coconuts
Sugarcane
Temperate
Neither too warm nor too cold
Neither too wet nor too dry
Weather not extreme but changeable
4 seasons
Summer
Spring
Winter
Autumn
Temperature can be different from summer to winter
Tundra
Treeless land
Very low temperature (below 0 degree celcius)
Long, cold dark winter
Little water due to sunshine and freezing
Short growing season of vegetation
Dominant vegetation
Lichens
Grasses
Mosses
Crops or livestock hardly grown or raised
Types of Tundra
Arctic tundra
Antarctic tundra
Alpine tundra
Desert
Little precipitation
Vegetation very sparse
In day : Temperature very high
In night : Temperature very low
Agriculture possible with sufficient irrigation
WATER
Good drainage reduces the dangers of waterlogging
Average annual rainfall in Southern peninsular Malaysia : >3000mm
SOIL
Complex mixture of organic and inorganic components
Soil formation
Parent material
bedrock
solid rock
Weathering
processes that break down rocks and minerals and the first step in soil formation
physical
chemical
biological
Erosion
movement of soil from one area to another
Soil profile
Consist 6 layers called horizon
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Fertility is important
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Topography
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