Biology UNIT 2

Asexual Reproduction

The types of asexual reproduction including fission, budding, vegetative propagation and spore formation

Sexual Reproduction

How an offspring from two parents has a unique genetic identity

The key events in meiosis that results in production of gametes from somatic cells including the significance of crossing over chromatids between homologous chromosomes in Prophase 1 and the non-dividing of the centromere in Metaphase 1

The biological advantages of sexual reproduction, specifically the genetic diversity in offspring

Cell cycle

Derivation of all cells from pre-existing cells through completion of the cell cycle

The rapid procession of prokaryotic cells through their cell cycle by binary fission

Genotypes and Phenotypes

The use of symbols in writing of the genotypes for the alleles present at a particular gene locus

The distinction between a dominate and recessive phenotype

The relative influence of genetic material, environmental factors and interactions of DNA with other molecules (epigenetic factors) on phenotypes

Qualitative treatment of polygenic inheritance as contributing to continuous variation in a population, illustrated by the determination of human skin colour through the genes involved in melanin production or by variation in height