Mastering Grammar

Punctuation

Comma Usage

Essential vs. Non-essential elements

Independent clauses with conjunctions

Long dependent clauses

Adjectives modifying the same noun

Semicolons

Between independent clauses without conjunctions

In complex lists

Quotation Marks

Placement of punctuation inside or outside quotes

Dashes

Em dash for interruptions/emphasis

En dash for ranges (e.g., dates)

Hyphens in compound modifiers

Modifiers

Misplaced Modifiers

Correct placement for clarity

Dangling Modifiers

Clear referents

Noun and Pronoun Grammar

Capitalization

Proper nouns and titles

Subject-Verb Agreement

Singular vs. plural subjects

Pronoun Agreement

Pronoun matches antecedent in number and clarity

Possessives

Apostrophes for singular/plural nouns

Verbs and Adverbs

Active vs. Passive Voice

Clarity and emphasis

Verb Moods

Indicative, imperative, interrogative, subjunctive, conditional

Tenses

Past perfect, future perfect, etc.

Adverbs

Placement and overuse