Unit 4 Respiration

STEP 1 Glycolysis

Need To Know: Define "Glycolysis"

1. The breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvate acid.

Input

1 Glucose
2 NAD+
2ATP

Outputs

Two Pyruvate,
2 NADH
4 ATP

Step 2 Krebs cycle

need to know: define what is krebs cycle and what happens during krebs cycle

Summary - the krebs cycle is a cycle that breaks pyuvate
down into carbon dioxide

Where? occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria

Inputs

2 pyruvate
8 NAD+
2 ADP
2 FAD

Subtopic

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Outputs

8 NADH
2 CO2
2 ATP
2 CoA
2 FADH2
4 CO2

Define: Enzyme-Proteins
substrate is the thing the enzymes goes after.
activation energy-the minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction
anabolism- In your body where it is (Building up)
catabolism-Breaking down
Should Do's

Descrbe how enzymes help chemical reactions in the body.

enzymes can be regulated.
1. comparmentalization
2. substrate availability
3. enzyme quantity

proteases-partially break down protein in baby food to make it easier to digest

lipases-breaks fats down into fatty acids and glycerol

amylase-a carbohydrate - an enzyme that breaks down starch into glucose

Need to know: Benefits are it's "Speed" & produce co2
In Anaerobic Respiration; Plant makes "Alcoholic Fermentation" & Animals makes "Lactic Fermentation"
{2 ATP's produced anaerobic respiration}
Competitive inhibitor & NON - competitive inhibitor
(CI) - mimics substrate and competes
(NCI) - does not mimic substrate or competes

inputs

glucose
2 NAD+
2 ATP
4 ADP+ 4P

outputs

2 pryuvates
2 NADH
2 ADP
4 ATP
2 ATP

glycosis

breaks down glucose by enzymes,
releacing energy and pryuvic acid

NADH
FADH2

ATP by ATP synthase
NAD+
FAD+2

Where do the hydrogen ions build up after they are stripped from NADH and FADH2?
Hydrogen ions build up from the Inter membrane space

The FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR is (o2)