words formation processes
Ways of creating new words
1. Formed from existing words and parts. 2. Words are borrowed by others languages. 3. New words can be made up by scratch.
Cathegories
Compounding
Existing words are put together to form a single new word.
Types
1.Endocentric compounds: Battleship
2.Exocentric compounds: Born-again
3.Copulative compounds: Bittersweet
Affixation
Derivational affixes to form new words with prefixes or suffixes.
Types
1.Inflexional affixes: Modify the words in number, sense and time.
2.Multiple affixation: Complex words have more than one affix.
3.Allomorphy: The same Affix has different realizations.
Conversion
Use words from one word class as members from another class.
Clipping
Shortening a word by deleting phonological material.
Backformation
Speackers misanalyxze words into base and affix, and then substract the affix using only the base.
Acronymy
Derivation from the initial sounds of several words.
Blending
Making one word out of two others. (AB+CD=AD)