Kategorien: Alle - compresor - ciclo - evaporador - temperatura

von Jimena Katherine Valentin Mautino Vor 3 Jahren

433

CLASE V- SISTEMAS DE REFRIGERACIÓN

En los sistemas de refrigeración, el ciclo de compresión de vapor es fundamental. Este proceso comienza con el compresor, que toma el refrigerante en estado gaseoso a baja presión y temperatura y lo comprime, elevando tanto su presión como temperatura.

CLASE V- SISTEMAS DE REFRIGERACIÓN

CLASE V- SISTEMAS DE REFRIGERACIÓN

The first division between continents was made by ancient Greek navigators, who named them 'landmass, terra firma'.

Generally classified by convention rather than any strict criteria, nowadays seven regions are regarded as continents from a geopolitical point of view.

ETAPAS DEL CICLO DE ABSORCION

Las etapas del ciclo de refrigeración por absorción son: 1. El agua (actuando como refrigerante) se evapora en un evaporador. 2. El bromuro de litio se encarga de absorber el vapor del agua a través de un absorbedor, lo que produce una solución diluida. 3. La solución se dirige al generador, el cual se encarga de separar las sustancias gracias a una fuente de calor externa. 4. Finalmente el agua pasa al condensador y se devuelve al evaporador mediante una válvula de expansión; mientras que el bromuro de litio pasa al absorbedor.

SISTEMA DE REFRIGERACION POR VAPOR

Antarctica is not only the coldest place on Earth but also the highest, driest, windiest and emptiest, completely covered with ice.

75% of the world's ice and 70% of the Earth's fresh water is located here.

Summer months of December to February give 24 hours of light, while the winter months of late March to late September are pitch dark the whole day.

There are no permanent inhabitants, except for scientists maintaining research stations in Antarctica.

Animals

There is plenty of animal life in Antarctica. It is a continent of extreme conditions but a range of well-adapted animals thrive here at various times of the year.

Name at least 5 of these animals.

Name
Half year light/half year dark

Antarctica sees half a year of light and half a year of complete darkness.
Write down which months give 24 hours of light, and which are the ones that give pitch darkness the whole day.

All day dark
All day light
La máquina de absorción consta de un evaporador, un condensador, un absorbedor, un generador y una bomba de solución.

The coldest natural temperature ever recorded on Earth was recorded here.

Write it down.

Answer
Los sistemas de refrigeración por absorción son mucho más costosos que los sistemas de refrigeración por compresión de vapor. Son más complejos y ocupan más espacio, son mucho menos eficientes.

Write down the temperatures of the Frozen Continent during the summer and the winter.

NOMENCLATURA EN REFRIGERACION

You can find on this continent:

Potencia Frigorífica
Es la cantidad de calor extraído del espacio a refrigerar es llamada potencia frigorífica, se representa como PF (KW)
Frio

The world's largest snake and the second-longest lives here.

Name this snake as well as other animals that can be found in South America.

capacidad de enfriar o extraer calor de un sistema de refrigeración.
Tonelada de refrigeración (TON)

The largest forest, which covers 30% of South America's total area, is famous for its biodiversity. It’s crisscrossed by thousands of rivers, including the powerful Amazon.

Name this forest as well as its type.

Es una unidad de tipo tradicional y corresponde al “efecto refrigerante útil” que puede producir una tonelada de hielo mientras se funde en un periodo de 24 horas. 1TON = 12000 BTU/h = 200 BTU/min =3.52kW.
Efecto refrigerante útil

The world's highest uninterrupted waterfall can be found here.

Write down its name, height and the country in which you can find it.

Es el efecto de refrigeración, expresado en unidades de calor por kg. de refrigerante .
Carga de Refrigeración

There are 12 countries that make up South America.

Name as many of you can! Don't forget about their capitals.

Es el calor absorbido por el refrigerante, de la sustancia que se quiere refrigerar. Se expresa en toneladas de refrigeración (TON), en kJ/min o kW.

FUNCIONAMIENTO DEL CICLO

North America has five time zones and it is the only continent with every type of climate.

North America was named after the explorer Amerigo Vespucci and is also known as the 'New World'.

The world's largest sugar exporter among the seven continents - Cuba - also called the 'sugar bowl of the world' is located here.

EVAPORADOR

The specialty of some animals is they are found only in a particular region and nowhere else in the world. North America is home to many of such amazing animals.

Name at least 6.

donde absorbe el calor del ambiente y se evapora. De ahí pasa otra vez al compresor cerrando el ciclo.
DISPOSITIVO REGULADOR

Native Americans have lived along this river and its tributaries for thousands of years. Most were hunter-gatherers, but some formed agricultural societies.

Formed from thick layers of the river's silt deposits, this river's embayment is one of the most fertile regions of the United States; steamboats were widely used in the 19th and early 20th centuries to ship agricultural and industrial goods.

Name this river.

de presión que separa las áreas de alta presión y baja presión mediante una reducción. Al bajar la presión, la temperatura de saturación del refrigerante baja, permitiendo que absorba calor.
CONDENSADOR

The world's largest freshwater lake by surface area and the third-largest freshwater lake by volume can be found here. It provides a route for the transportation of iron ore, as well as grain and other mined and manufactured materials.

Large cargo vessels called lake freighters, as well as smaller ocean-going freighters, transport these commodities across this lake.

Name this lake.

el calor del refrigerante se disipa al ambiente. El refrigerante se licua y sigue a alta presión).
COMPRESOR

There are 23 countries that make up North America.

Name as many of you can! Don't forget about their capitals.

absorbe el refrigerante como un gas a baja presión y baja temperatura y lo mueve comprimiéndolo hacia el área de alta presión, donde el refrigerante es un gas a alta presión y alta temperatura.

ELEMENTOS DEL CICLO DE REFRIGERACION

Australia is the world's smallest continent and is also known as an 'island continent' as it is surrounded by water on all sides.
It includes 14 countries and it is the least populated continent.

Its name comes from the Latin word 'australis' meaning 'southern' because it lies entirely on the south of the equator.

Válvula de Expansión

Australia is home to some animals that can't be found anywhere else in the world.

Name at least 6 of these unique animals.

Su función es la de disminuir la presión del líquido refrigerante y por ende su temperatura.
Condensador

The largest sandstone monolith can be found here and it is one of Australia's most recognizable natural icons. It is the largest monolith in the world.

Name this rock and write down one of the characteristics it is famous for.

Su función es la de disipar el calor que el refrigerante ha adquirido en el evaporador, compresor. En el proceso el refrigerante cambia del estado gaseoso al líquido.
Compresor

The largest coral reef can be found here.
Name this coral reef, add its length and mention what type of coral is it.

Es el corazón del sistema, entre sus funciones están: Bombear el refrigerante por el sistema. Aumentar la presión del gas refrigerante y por ende su temperatura.
Evaporador

Out of 14, how many countries you can name?

How about these countries' capitals?

Su función es la de adquirir o absorber el calor del recinto y pasárselo al refrigerante que por acción de esta absorción de calor dicho refrigerante cambia del estado líquido al gaseoso .

CICLO DE COMPRESION DE VAPOR

Of the seven continents of the world, Africa is the second largest.

Africa comprises 54 countries and it is the hottest continent.

The equator passes through the middle of Africa and it receives direct sunlight throughout the year.

The world gets 66% of its chocolate, 50% of the gold and 95% of the diamonds from Africa.

El ciclo de refrigeración es conocido también como el ciclo inverso de Carnot, en el cual el calor se transfiere desde un nivel a baja temperatura hasta otro a una temperatura superior

MAQUINAS FRIGORIFICAS

Asia is the world's largest continent of the seven continents in size, as it covers one-third of the earth's surface.

It includes 50 countries, and it is the most populated continent, 60% of the total population of the Earth lives here.

Las Máquinas Frigoríficas son un conjunto de máquinas térmicas que funcionan de forma inversa a los motores térmicos, que hace que una sustancia refrigerante realice un ciclo termodinámico, utilizando el trabajo para sacar calor de un foco frío de baja temperatura (recinto aislado) y llevarlo a un foco caliente de mayor temperatura (medio ambiente), consumiendo una cantidad neta de trabajo.

What are the major animals found in Asia?

Name at least 4 of these animals.

FUNDAMENTOS DE MAQUINAS FRIGORIFICAS Transporta calor desde un recinto a baja temperatura (foco frío) al medio ambiente (foco caliente) a temperatura más alta.

MAQUINA TERMICA

Europe is separated from Asia by the Ural mountains and the Caspian Sea.

It is surrounded by water on three sides: Mediterranean Sea in the south, Atlantic Ocean in the west, and the Arctic Ocean in the north.

Three-fourth of the world's potatoes grow in Europe.

Una Máquina es un dispositivo que opera en un ciclo y produce trabajo a partir de fuentes de calor a diferentes temperaturas

Europe is a large region, with several major rivers that connect its many countries. There are five primary rivers in Europe, and one of them flows through 10 countries, more than any other river in the world.

Name these rivers.