Innate immunity

Mehr dazu

HSV Infections

von ayood helo

Biological Control Techniques

von Lauren Miller

PERIODONTAL DISEASE

von Ingrid Nathalia Tobar Tobar

Gout Treatment

von Felicia MedStudent

Innate immunity

Innate immune response

Phagocytosis

Phagocytosis event -Chemotaxis and adherence of microbe to phagocyte -Ingestion of microbe by phagocyte -Formation of a phagosome -Fusion of the phagosome with a lysosome to form a phagolysosome -Digestion of ingested microbe by enzymes -Formation of residual body containing indigestible material -Discharge of waste materials

-Professional phagocytes :Neutrophils, Monocytes/Macrophages -Non-professional phagocytes: Epithelial cells,Fobroblast,Dendritic cells

Humoral substance of innate immunity

Cytokines, mediators, complement system

Peripheral blood immune cells

Monocytes

Basophils

Eosinophils

Dendritic cells : professional APCs

Neutrophils: a professional phagocytic cell

NK cells : distinc from T and B cells in that lacks antigen-specificity and recognize on MHC I

Tissue immune cells

Macrophage -Professional phagocytosis cells -Professional APCs

Intraepithelial lymphocyte (IELs)

Recognition of pathogens

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Type of PRRs - Toll-like receptors (TLRs) - NOD-like receptors (NLRs) - RIG-like receptors (RLRs) - C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)

Stimuli

DAMPs : derived from host cell

PAMPs : derived from components of microorganism

Characteristic of innate immunity

No memory

Non-specific responses

Rapid/quick response

Stimulation of adaptive immunity

T cell activation and differentiation

Th2 -antibody-mediated immunity -extracellular parasites -asthma, allergy

Th1 -cell-mediated immunity and inflammation -intracellular pathogens -autoimmunity -inflammation

Activation of adaptive immunity

Interplay between innate and adaptive immunity

Inflammation and cell recruitment

Chronic inflammation

Granulomatous inflammation

Accute inflammation

-Local inflammatory response -Systemic inflammatory response : Interaction of various cytokines -Acute phase protein: C-reactive protein

Anti-viral immunity

Anti-viral by type I IFN(alpha and beta) or IFN-I

Barrier defense of human body

Biological barriers : normal flora

Chemical barriers : lysozyme, low stomach pH, mucous membranes, anti-microbial peptides

Mechanical/Physical barrier : skin,ciliary clearance