Potassium-sparing Diuretics

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Potassium-sparing Diuretics

Prototype Drug

Aldactone (trade)

spironolactone (generic)

Med examples

triamterene (Dyrenium)

spironolactone (Aldactone)

amiloride (Midamor)

Nursing Considerations

* do not use in pts' with hyperkalemia or anuria * monitor K+ levels frequently * obtain W daily, monitor UO * avoid foods high in potassium, such as avocados, peaches, bananas, nuts, and broccoli

Off label uses

ascites

acne

treating female pattern hair loss

Side Effects/Adverse Effects

hyperkalemia, lethargy, confusion, irregular menses, hirsutism

Mechanism of Action

Conditions Treated: * hypertension * hyperaldosteronism * adjunct to treatment with antiarrhythmics/digoxin

Therapeutic Effects: * reduces BP * reduces edema/pulmonary congestion * decreased workload on heart

Aldosterone action is blocked in distal tubule, causing Na+ excretion in the urine; blocks K+ secretion through tubule, resulting in retention of K+. Achieves diuretic effect by loss of Na+ to offset retention of K+ balance.