Validity Qualitative Research

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Understanding Reliability and Validity in Qualitative ResearchGolafshani, N. (2003)

Qualitative Research

Triangulation

Then triangulation is defined to be “a validity procedure where researchers search for convergence among multiple and different sources of information to form themes or categories in a study” (Creswell & Miller, 2000, p. 126).

Proven method to improve validity and reliability of research

Engaging multiple methods of data collection and analysis: Observations, interviews, recordings,

The researcher is the instrument

Other adopted concepts

Trustwealthiness

Rigor

Quality

Examination of trustworthiness crucila

Seeks to understand"Naturalistic" phenomena in its real world settings

Quantitative resesearch

Reliability

3 types

Stability of measurement over time

Similarity of measurement within a given time period

Measure administered repetedly remain the same

Using test -retest methods at different times

Goal: Produces findings arrived from real world enviroment where phenomena unfolds slowly . Seek understanding,ilumination, and extrapolation to similar situations

Results are consistent over time or if the results could be reprocuded under a similar methodology

Validity

Goals: Determine whether the research measures what it was designed for or how truthfull the results are.

Grounded on positivistic assumptions

the world is made up of observable and measurable facts

Understanding and Validity in Qualitative Research Maxwell, J. (1992)

Types of validity

Evaluative Valididy

Generazability or external validity

Internal validity is more important

Two aspects

Generalizing to other communities. groups or institutions

Generalizing within the community. groups, or institutions studied to persons, events and settings that were not directly observed or interviwed.

Different from quantitative research. It is meant to theory building.

Theorethical

Macthes the idea of construct validity

Accoung functions as an explanation as well as description and interpretation of the phenomena

Interpretive

Grounded on the accounts of people under study - rely on people's words and concepts

understands phenomena from a emic rather than etic perspective. - meaning given by the actors

Descriptive

Includes the numerical description of the object under study- like descriptive stats

Not independent from theory

Reliability - a kind of threat to validity

Different observes or methods produce different descriptions of the same phenomenon

solved by acerting the differeces were due to obsever's different pespectives and purposes

Solved if observers agree on their descriptive accuracy

Secondary Validity

Includes inferences about the physical observation

Also called reportage or primary understanding

Capturing the activites, actions and behaviors as they occur instead of the meaning these have for the actors.

Goal: Understanding rather than valididy