Affixes
An affix is an word attachment to a root or stem that gives a word a different meaning.
Suffixes
Suffixes are a letter or group of letters added to the ending of words to change their meaning or function.
-less
without, not able torest - restlessthought - thoughtlesshope - hopeless help - helplessfear - fearless
-able (able to)
able or capable of, causingenjoy - enjoyableread - readablewash - washablereason - reasonable comfort - comfortable
-er
someone who performs an action: dancer writer singer worker player
-en
Forms verbs from nouns and adjectives:sweet - sweetenhard - hardenloose - loosenheight - heightenstrength - strengthen
-ful
full of or notable ofharm - harmfulhelp - helpfulbeauty - beautifulcare - carefulshame - shameful
-ness
quality or stateUsed to create abstract nouns from adjectives.happy - happinesskind - kindnesspolite - politenesssick - sicknesssad - sadness
ly
Forming adverbs from adjectives:happy - happilynice - nicelysad - sadlyglad - gladly
Prefixes
Prefixes are a type of affix. Prefixes are “pre” (before) “fix”ed (attached) to a root or stem to create a new word with a new meaning.Prefixes themselves are not words. They must be attached to a root or a stem in order to create new words. https://app.wizer.me/learn/QG33IT
apre-
beforepremature - happening, arriving, existing, or performed before the proper, usual, or intended timeprepaid - paid in advancepreschool - before schoolpreview - to show or watch something before it is complete
in-
not - illegal - not legalimpossible - not possible ignorant - not knowing ignoble - not nobleirretional - not rational irresponsible - not responsible
il- (before l)
illegalillogical
im- (before m,p)
impossible - not possibleimmobile - cannot move
ig (before g or n)
ir - (before r)
irresponsibleirrationalirregretable
dis- (lack of, not)
not, lackingdislike - don't likedisagree - don't agreedisappear - vanish
un-
not, lacking wanted - unwanteddo - undoemployed - unemployedable - unable
mis- (wrong)
bad, wrongmisunderstand - to fail to understandmisuse - use in the wrong way or for a wrong purposemisbehave - to behave badlymisleading - deceptive, leading in the wrong direction
anti-
opposite, againstanti-social - hostile or harmful to societyantisemitism
auto-
by oneself or itselfautomobile - moves by itself
ante-
beforeantebellum - before the warante meridiem - before noon
bi, di
twobicyclebilingualbiannual