Art Styles in Late 19-century Europe and America

Romanticism

"Celebrates the individual subject and the subjective" (Stokstad, 915)

Historicism

Paris City Restorations

Opera of Paris

Darwinism

Led to Social Darwinism

Stokstad, Marilyn. Art History, Volume Two, Fourth Edition. Pearson, 2011. (pps. 915, 1001).

Photography

Camera Obscura developed

Realism

Accurate

Objective descritions of the ordinary

Often rejected as unacceptable work

Industrialization and Urbanization

Impressionism

Loose, "unfinished brushstrokes

Scientific emphasis on optical properties of light and color

Developed as a result of boycotting the Académie des Beaux-Arts

Industrial Revolution

Symbolism

"Fascination with the dark recesses of the mind" (Stokstad, 1001)

Artists address irrational fears, desires, and impulses of the human mind (Stokstad, 1001)

Social Revoltions

with the invention of the camera, it was easy to see the current working and living conditions of the factory workers

These conditions led to many social revolutions

Subtopic

Post-Impressionism

Post-Impressionist artists did not share a unified style or approach to their art work

Impressionism and modernity used as starter for individual expression