Number Theory

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"In general, the number theory is the study of the characteristics of and relationships involving the natural numbers" (O'Daffer, et al, 2008).This purpose of this mindmap is to serve as a reference tool to K-8 educators on the topic of number theory. This map includes a number of resources including key definitions, practice worksheets, learning games, and videos.

Prime and Composite Numbers

Key Definitions

Prime Numbers

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Link brings you to a site that defines prime numbers. It also provides a chart of all prime numbers up to 1000.

Composite Numbers

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Link to website to define composite numbers and provides examples.

Prime Factorization

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Link to website to define prime factorization and provides examples.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

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Link to website to define greatest common factor and provides examples.

Euclidean Algorithm

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Link to website that explains the Euclidean algorithm.

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

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Link to website to define least common multiple and provides examples.

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Practice

Worksheets

Least Common Multiple

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Worksheet of math problems on least common multiple. Answer key provided.

Greatest Common Factor

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Worksheet of math problems on greatest common factor. Answer key provided.

Prime Factorization
(Multiple Worksheets)

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Website allows you to create multiple worksheets on prime factorization. Answer key provided.

Learning Games

Fruit Shoot

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Link to interactive game to help players refine their skills in identifying prime numbers and composite numbers.

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Jeopardy

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Factors and Multiples Jeopardy game covers concepts such as factors, multiples, prime factorization, GCF, and LCM.

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Videos

Prime Number Song

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Video and song that helps the viewer understand what a prime number is.

Math Made Easy:
Prime vs. Composite Numbers

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This is a video that further explains the difference between prime numbers and composite numbers.

Factors and Divisibility

Key Definitions

Factor

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This link brings you to a page that defines what a factor is. This link also provides examples of factors.

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Multiple

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This link brings you to a page that defines what a multiple is. This link also provides examples of multiples.

Divisibility

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This link brings you to a page that defines what divisibility means and also provides examples.

Practice

Worksheets

Factoring
and prime numbers

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This link brings you to a website that offers a series of example problems on factoring and prime numbers. Answers are also provided.

Divisibility
and Factors

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This link brings you to a website that offers a series of problems on divisibility and factors. Answers are also provided.

Learning Games

Bingo

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The Bingo game focus finding factors of numbers.

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Side by Side Factors

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The object is to rearrange the seven numbers in a row, so that all the numbers which are not relatively prime are separated by one or more other numbers.

Videos

Factor Bug

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Video shows how to find factors of a given number, using a "factor bug".

Highest Common Factor
Lowest Common Multiple

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Video demonstrates the concept of highest common factor and lowest common multiple using the same numbers in the example for clear domonstration.

Math Rocks!
Factor Down a Tree

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Fun song and video that explains how to use factor trees.