OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

Programming Techniques

OOP is a method of programming based on a hierarchy

Languages used in OOP

Java, C++, C#, Python

Objective-C, Dart, Swift, Scala

PHP, JavaScript, Ruby, Perl

Procedural Programming

Can be defined as a programming model which is derived from structured programming,

Languages used PP

FORTRAN, ALGOL, COBOL

BASIC, Pascal and C

Object-Oriented Approach

Process of defining the problem in terms of real-world objects

Primary tasks

Identifying objects

Organizing the objects

Defining the object attributes

Defining the behaviour/ function of the objects

Describing how the objects interact

Object-Oriented Design

Defining the components, interfaces, objects, classes, attributes, and operations that will satisfy the requirements

Implementation details

Restructuring the class data

Implementation of methods

Subtopic

Implementation of control

Subtopic

Implementation of associations

Object-oriented analysis and design

Analysis and design of an application / system

Advantages OOAD

It is easy to understand

It is easy to maintain

It provides re-usability

It reduce the development time & cost

Subtopic

Disadvantages OOAD

All time it is not easy to determine all the necessary classes

Object oriented concept & terminologies

Object, attribute, behaviour

Object

Attribube

Data value or state that describes an object

Behaviour

Operation or function that an object can perform

Classes and Objects

Classes

Template or blueprint to create an object

Objects

Instance of a class

Features of OOP

Data Abstraction

Data without including the non-essential details

Encapsulation

Mechanism of wrapping up of data and methods

Inheritance

One class derives the properties of another class

Polymorphism

Object to take on many form

Unified Modeling Language

Capture the artifacts of an OOAD process