The Resilient
Canada's Role in
World War 1
Causes
Militarism
Nations believed Armies were the best way to solve issues
Created competition to build weapons (Arms race)
Alliances
Triple Alliance
Triple Entente
Nationalism
People regarded their country as superior in a form of patriotic ignorance
Imperialism
Making colonies
-Needed for natural resources, land, and power
"The Spark"
The Assassination of
Austrian Archduke Frans Ferdinand
Murdered by Serbian nationalist group
"The Black Hand"
Started a chain of events that lead to WW1
Timeline
The First Year
1. Archduke Frans Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated
2. Serbia rejected Austrian troops entering their country
3. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
4. Russia declares war on Austria Hungary
5. Germany declares war on Russia then immediately invades France
6. France and Great Britain declare war on Austria-Hungary and Germany
7. Canada got thrown into the mix because they were a part of the British Empire
Italy backs out
Italy had stated that they would aid Germany and Austria Hungary if they were attacked
Since Germany invaded France they backed out and switched sides
Russian Revolution
Communists took over Russia because of an absence of leadership from the Russian Czar
The new communist government took Russia out of the war because it was hurting their resources
U.S.A gets involved
German U-Boat sinks the Lusitania
The U.S.A joined the Allies because the Lusitania had many American citizens on board
The End of the War
The Allies were closing in on the Germans
The Ottoman Empire fell, then Austria-Hungary, and finally Germany surrendered
The Treaty of Versailles
-A treaty put in place to punish the Germans for WW1
-Germans had to demilitarize, pay huge debts, and accept responsibility for starting the war
Major Canadian Battles
Battle of Ypres
Major battle that provided altitude advantage
Canadians were unequipped for Chlorine Gas attack from the German
Canadians fought through and defended the territory
Battle of Somme
During three months of fighting the Canadians captured a series of German trenches despite terrible conditions
It was a battle to outlast (attrition)
Despite losses Canadians received a hard, courageous, and reliable reputation
Battle of Vimy Ridge
Canada's most celebrated military victory
It was the largest territorial advance of any Allied force to that point in the war
Battle of Passchendaele
The battle took place on the Ypres salient on the Western Front, in Belgium, where German and Allied armies had been deadlocked for three years.
Canadian Corps joined the battle on 26 October. The Canadians captured the ridge on 6 November
Important People
and
War Technology
Billy Bishop
Canadian pilot form Owen Sound, Ontario
Took part in more than 170 air battles
and shot down a record breaking 72 enemy air crafts
One of the lucky air-force veterans who lived to tell his tale
Nellie McClung
Women's rights activists, legislature, and author
Essential in getting Women the right to vote in 1916
Tanks
Well developed by the end of the war
Chlorine Gas
Dependent on wind direction; risky and deadly
Planes
Used for scouting and developed for shooting later
Canadian Gear
Ross Rifle
Great in clear conditions but terrible in actual WW1 conditions
MacAdam Shovel
Used for digging, mounting, and as shields
The Home Front
Conscription
Forced Canadian males ages 18-40 to serve in the war
This divided the nation (French and English citizens
-The French felt that they were
being forced to fight for the British
Gender Roles
Women's rights began to grow
-They took over Men's
jobs because they were overseas
-Women gained the right to vote
Victory Bonds
Put in place to fund the war effort
People would buy bonds
and loan money to the government
When the war was won they
would receive the money back with interest
Attacks on home soil
Canada's Reputation
How we were perceived
We were viewed as just another British Dominion
What changed?
The grit and determination of our soldiers showed the world our strength
Our country was evolving at home
Post War Reputation
Canadians were tough, reliable, and hardworking