por Ling See Ang hace 12 años
1800
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Nice photo!!
Fun Fact: There are more KFCs than McDonald's in China
Rapid Industrialisation
High Population Growth
Agricultural Uses
www.ifpri.org/divs/eptd/dp/papers/eptdp58.pdf
Monsoon Climate
Higher tandard of Living
Agriculture
Population Growth
Industrial
Natural disasters
Worldwide Climate Change
http://www.waternz.org.nz/
http://www.mfe.govt.nz/issues/water/freshwater/fresh-start-for-fresh-water/
Policies
Fresh Start for Fresh Water 2011
Started a programme of further work that includes setting limits on water quality and quantity, and improvements to decision-making, water allocation, and land use management.
Reprioritised $15m over two years to set up a fresh water clean-up fund to assist councils with historic pollution problems
Established an irrigation fund ($35 million over five years) to support irrigation infrastructure proposals to an ‘investment-ready’ prospectus stage, and signalled a possible $400m further investment for developing successful proposals
Gazetted a National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management to set a consistent, nationwide regulatory framework for setting water quality and quantity limits to govern the allocation and use of fresh water
Multi-agency collaboration
Ministry for the Environment works closely with other agencies to support local government’s role, as well as provides national direction to achieve the sustainable use of New Zealand’s water resources
Sustainable water management --> E.g. Resource Management Act (1991)
Key piece of legislation governing the management of freshwater resources. Under the RMA, regional and unitary councils are responsible for making decisions on the allocation and use of water within their boundaries and for managing water quality
Physical Geography
Larger water catchment areas and higher number of freshwater reserves
Annual precipitation range: 650mm - 1500mm --> replenishes streams, rivers, lakes and groundwater
Population Dynamics
Low population density; more sheep than humans! :S
New Zealanders use about 160 litres of water per day; almost same amount as Singaporeans
Rivers
Ganges river
Indus river
Himalayan river
Groundwater
suppy 50% for urban uses
supply 80% for domestic uses
Surface runoff
rainfall
melting snow
Monsoon rain
Education and awarenes issues
Deforestation
Climate change
Lack of water management policies
Lack of water treatment plants
Industralisation
Massive urbanisation
Agriculture and irrigation
High Population growth
