Magnetism

on a wire

thumb indicates direction of the charge flow

fingers curl in direction of the magnetic force

protons=right hand

conventional current

electrons=left hand

X=into the page (arrow feathers)

O= out of the page (arrow coming at your face)

do these wires attract ot repel?

with a magnet

fingers in direction of magnetic field=N to S

still use left hand for electrons and thumb goes in direction of charge flow

the PALM shows the direction of the magnetic force (causes the deflection)

force is always PERPENDICULAR to both the magnetic field and the direction of charge flow

speed stays the same, force is perpendicular to direction of flow therefore no work

solenoid

same hand rules for e- thumb is the indicator of north and the fingers=field

increase amount of wire= increase force of field

diagram of bar magnet out of N into S

Domain Theory (save the cowboys)

mini magnets inside a bar. rubbing it with a magnet lines them up. (belt buckles are attracted to the hull of ships)

however when they have random domains that means they are no longer magnetized. dropping it will unalign the domains

venn diagram of electric and magnetic fields

Magmetic Force Fm= qvB velocity is perpendicular to the magnetic field

Fm=Fe when you have a charged object that goes through undeflected

V=E/B finding speed of electron

motor effect force

the deflecting force acting on a charged particle moving in a B

if you wanna suspend a wire b/w magnets.... Fg=Fm mg=BIL and use hand rules

PIECES

vaporization-ionization chamber-acceleration plates/velocity selection chamber-curving chamber-counter/detector

velocity selector= speeds up particles

need to calc how fast the ions are!

(voltage) W=^E q^V= 1/2mv^2

balance Fe=Fm qE= qvB velocity

(what does it do) gives you the chemical make up of a compound

to ways to give particle speed: -^Eelectric = ^Ekinetic qV=1/2mv^2 or V=E/B

Fmagnetic= Fcentripetal v=qBr/m

faraday= moving a magnet in a coil of wire or any conductor tube makes CURRENT

Hanz Oerstad= proved that electric current caused magnetic fields.

(induced magnetism) diagrams from notes

Lenz' law= when moving a magnet in a solenoid the forces b/w the magnet and induced magnet causes work/energy current

ellectrically powered

(electric motor) input= electrical output= kinetic

electricity gives you.... power to work (car)

(electric generator) input= kinetic output= electrical

water dam= work.... gives you electricity

Daltons Atomic Theory

(Billiard Ball Model) 1. all matter is made up of tiny particles (sold sphere) 2. Atoms are indestructable and inchangable 3. when elements react, their atoms combine in simple, whole number ratios

J.J. Thompson

determined the charge to mass ratio of the electron

found that electrons have q/m ratios of x10^11 c/kg

B= the magnetic field I= the amount of current in the wire (A) l= the length of the wire in the magnetic field (m)eters

Fm=BIL

lodestones= magnetic stones with their domains aligned

(who was first) william gilbert compared the orientation of a magnetized needle on a piece of lodestone with a compass at various locations on earth.

compared lodestone orientation with N-S orientation => action at a distance- no visible contact but they move

(pierre Maricourt) lodestones= when rocks suspended the 2 points aligned with earths N-S axis (leading stones)

the earth behaves as a magnet

the poles of earth

diagram of geographic north and magnetic north