Global History

Revolutions

Scientific Revolution

r

New way of thinking about he natural world based on careful observation and a willingness to question.

Scientists

Nicolaus Copernicus

r

Astronomer who said the earth revolved aroudn the sun

Polish Scholar

Heliocentric Theory

Earth NOT center of universe

Planets revolve around the sun

Galileo Galilei

r

Scientist who was foced by the catholic Church to take back scientific ideas that disagreed with the church's view.

Johannes Kepler

r

Mathematician who proved the accuracy of Copernicus's theory.

Subtopic

Francis Bacon

r

Writer who helped advance the scientific method

Isaac Newton

r

Scientist who discovered laws of motion and gravity.

Rene Descartes

r

Mathematician who helped promote the scientific method.

Emphasized human reason.

Tycho Brahe

Ideas

Heliocentric Theory

r

Theory that the sun is at the center of the universe.

Scientific Method

r

Logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.People use observation, experimentation and reasoning to draw conclusions about the world.

1. State the problem

2. Collect information about the problem

3. Form a hypothesis, or educated guess.

4. Experiment to test the hypothesis.

5. Record and analyze data.

6. State a conclusion

7. Repeat steps 1-6

Law of Gravity

Enlightenment

r

Age of ReasonChanged the way people think about government

Philosophers

Locke

r

Philosopher who wrote about government.

Natural Rights

r

Rights that we are born with: Life, liberty, and property.

Life

Liberty

Property

Social Contract

r

People form government to protect their natural rights.

Hobbes

People are greedy and selfish

Only a powerful government can create a peaceful, orderly society.

Montesquieu

r

French writer concerned with government and political liberty

Separation of Powers

r

Power of government is separated into three branches: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.

Checks and Balances

r

Prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful.

Rosseau

Voltaire

Wollstonecraft

Ideas

Social Contract

Natural Rights

Consent of the Governed

Separation of Powers

Freedom of Speech

Religious Freedom

Women's Rights

People use reasoning to make decisions about how government and society should run

Secularism

Importance of Individuals

Music/Art/Literature

Mozart

Beethoven

Haydn

Enlightened Despots

Frederick the Great

Joseph II

Catherine the Great

Events

American Revolution

Writing of the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson

US Constitution

Checks and Balances

Federal System

Bill of Rights

French Revolution

Latin American Revolution

French Revolution

Causes

Social Structure - Old Regime

First Estate

Second Estate

Third Estate

Enlightenment Ideas

American Revolution

Economic Problems

Weak Leader

Events

National Assembly

Tennis Court Oath

Storming of the Bastille

Declaration of the Rights of Man

Limited Monarchy

Legislative Assembly

Radicals

Execute King Louis XVI

Guillotine

Moderates

Conservatives

The Reign of Terror

Robespierre

Committee of Public Safety

Napoleon

Reforms

Economic Reform

New Tax Code

National Bank

Loans to businesses

Political Reform

Napoleonic Code

Merit System

Fired corrupt officials

Religious Reform

Concordat

Seized church lands

Napoleonic Empire

Fall of Napoleon

Causes

Continental System

Peninsular War

Invasion of Russia

Exile

100 Days

Waterloo

2nd Exile

Congress of Vienna

Metternich

Balance of Power

Legitimacy

Latin American Revolutions

Causes

Social Structure

Peninsulares

Creoles

Mulattos

Mestizos

Indians

Africans

Englightenment Ideas

American and French Revolutions

Nationalism

Leaders

Toussaint L'Ouverture

Simon Bolivar

Jose de San Martin

Miguel Hidalgo

Don Pedro

Bernardo O'Higgins

Nationalism

Elements of Nationalism

Nationality

Language

Culture

History

Religion

Territory

Revolutions of the 1830s

Areas affected

Greece

France

Italy

Belgium

Poland

Revolutions of 1848

Areas affected

Hungary

Czechoslovakia

France

Russia

Breakdown of Empires

Austro-Hungarian Empire

Russian Empire

Ottoman Empire

Italian Unification

Camillo di Cavour

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Red Shirts

Giuseppe Mazzini

Young Italy

German Unification

Otto Von Bismarck

Realpolitik

Blood and Iron Speech

Kaiser Wilhelm I

Wars leading to unification

Franco-Prussian War

Austro-Prussian War

Industrial Revolution

Causes

Agricultural Revolution

Enclosure Movement

Seed Drill

Crop Rotation

Availability of Resources

Energy

Water Power

Coal

Iron Ore

Rivers for Transportation

Natural Harbors

Economic and Political Progress

Factors of Production

Land

Labor

Capital

Entrepreneurship

Overseas Trade

Developed Banking

New Inventions

Subtopic

Russian Revolution

Conflict

Belief Systems

Economic Systems

Human Rights

Movement of People and Goods

Science and Technology

Imperialism

Human Rights/Genocide

Political Systems

Absolutism

Divine Right

Absolute Monarchs

Philip II

Louis XIV

Frederick the Great

Peter the Great

Ivan the Terrible

Charles I

Oliver Cromwell

Constitutional Monarch

William and Mary

Glorious Revolution

Culture and Intellectual Life

Factors of Production

Interdependence

Nationalism

Cold War

Subtopic