This involves prior research and the knowledge of those before and must be peer reviewed and edited to be ready to present to a teacher or the public.
Mathematics: Probability
Health: Discovering vaccines
Authoring a book follows the scientific process.
A theory is an idea that has been tested and tried repeatedly and yielded the same results each time.
A hypothesis is an educated idea or guess that one wants to prove or disprove through experimentation.
Music: Composing instrumental or choral pieces.
Performing experiments that have already been proven. For science projects in school.
Discovering the truth.
The discovery process is not a one way procedure, in fact, scientists are often weaving back and forth and right to left with experimenting, altering hypothesis, adding benefits, allowing critique from peers to complete or discover a whole truth.