Brain
Brain structure
Function
Cerebral Cortex
Frontal lobes
Movement
Forward and critical thinking
Reasoning
Memory acquisition
Temporal lobes
Auditory perception
Emotional responses
Language and speech production
Memory acquisition
Movement
Occipital lobes
Visual information
Parietal lobes
Sensory information processing
Reasoning
Intellect
Memory acquisition
Limbic System
Amygdala
Emotional responses
Hormonal secretions
Memory
Hippocampus
Indexes
Send and retrieves memory from long-term storage in the cerebral hemisphere
Hypothalamus
Maintains homeostasis
Maintain autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system
Food and water intake regulation
Sleep-wake cycle regulation
Olfactory Cortex
Identification of odors
Thalamus
Relays sensory signals to and from the spinal cord and the cerebrum
Reptilian Brain
Brain Stem
Controls life supporting functions of the nervous system
Sense of balance (Vestibular function)
Sensory alertness
Cerebellum
Control motor movement coordination
Sensory representation
Balance and equilibrium
Muscle tone
Some memory acquisition for reflex motor acts
Brain Theory
Function
Right Brain-Left Brain Theory
Left Hemisphere
Controls the right side of the body
Right Hemisphere
Controls the left side of the body
Brain Waves Theory
Beta wave, β
Problem solving
Decision making
Analysis
Judgment
Alpha wave, α
Problem solving
Decision making
Learning
Theta wave, θ
Learning
Memory
Delta wave, ẟ
Healing
Regeneration
The Triune Brain Theory
Neocortex
Development of human language
Abstract thought imagination
Infinite learning capabilities
Consciousness
Flexible
Limbic System
Responsible for emotions
Value the judgment made
Unconsciousness
Influence the behavior
Reptilian complex
Controls the body’s vital functions
Reliable but tend to be rigid and compulsive
Herman Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI)
Quadrant A : Logic
Analytical
Logical
Fact-based
Quantitative
Quadrant B : Organized
Organized
Sequential
Planned
Detailed
Quadrant C : Sensitive
Interpersonal
Feeling based
Kinesthetic
Emotional
Quadrant D : Holistic
Holistic
Intuitive
Intergrating
Synthesising
Characteristics
1.5 kg or 3 pounds
Represent 2% of body weight
Consist of approximately 75% water, 10% fat and 8% protein
Consist of about 100 billion neurons
consume 20% of total body oxygen
Utilizes 20% of body’s energy
Learning Process
Brain and Nervous System
Type of nerves
Motor nerves
Allow the brain to control our muscles by sending a signals to the motor nerves
Sensory nerve
Carry signals about the outside world to the brain
The signals are come from our skin (touch), nose (smell), eyes (sight), tongue (taste), nose (smell), and ears (hear).
Type of nervous system
The Autonomic Nervous System
Works automatically
The Somatic Nervous System
Actively control like moving our legs and arms
Memory process
Graphic organizer
Mind map
Emotional effect on memory
Sensory information
Negative
The information will not enter the cortex.
Thinking and learning are inhibited.
Positive
The information will enter the cortex.
Thinking and learning are enhanced.
Brain areas
Prefrontal cortex (Thinking Brain)
It will consciously process and reflect the information (through thinking)
Lower Brain (Reactive Brain)
It reacts to information instinctively