Chemical Reactions Assignment (Sec. A)

Sodium fluoride

Chemical name-NAF (Na+)

Sodium fluoride is made into toothpaste as sodium fluoride makes your teeth more decay and resistant to bacteria which will cause cavities

Lithium Fluoride

Chemical name- LiF

Inorganic compound. this is a colourless solid which transforms or transitions into a white decreasing crystal sizes

Ionic compounds are neutral compounds made up of positively charged ions which are known to be called cations and negatively charged ions are known as anions

Cations

A cation is a positively charged ion

An examples of Cation is Calcium,Potassium and Hydrogen

Anions

A Anion is a ion with a negative charge meaning it has more electrons than protons. These are formed when one or more atom gains electrons

Ecamples of Anions are Iodide,chlorine and Hydroxide

Chemical formula

CaS

Noble gases

elements which include helium,neon,argun

Examples of Noble gases elements

Helium (He)

Neon(Ne)

Radon(rn )

Krypton (Kr)

xenon(xe)

organesson (og)

Properties and bases

properties

Density

mass of a unit volume of a materiel substance the formal for this is D-m/v

Melthing point

The temperature at what the solid or liquid from a pure substance to then be known as an equilibrium

Boiling point

the boiling point of a liquid is when the temperature reaches to a point where it begins to chane into steem/ vapour substances

bases

Calcium Hydroxide

(Ca(OH)2)

Barium hydroxide

(ba(OH)2)

Sodium hydroxide

(NaOH)

Metals and Non Metals

Most elements you see on the periodic table are considered metals.

Examples of different elements on the periodic table

Iron

copper

silver

zinc

gold

properties of metals

they are very hard

shiny

Examples of some non metals

oxygen

carbon

sulfur

Chlorine

Covalent Compounds

H2

Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element with the atomic number 1. it is the lightest element. Most of hydrogen exist in water and organic compounds

Oxygen

O2

Oxygen is a chemical element which only contains one type of atom. Its atomic number is eight which means also 8 protons in the nucleus

H20

Balanced chemical equations

Same number of each atom on both sides of the equation

Total charge is also the exact same

Types of Balanced chemical equations

Decomposition

A decomposition will happen when one reactant happens to break and separate into two or more products. The way we represent this is AB-A+B

Combustion

This equation will occur when a substance of some sort will react with the oxygen to end up and release energy. When methane burns into oxygen it will release carbon dioxide

Single displacement

This happens when a element will replace and kick out another element inside of a compound. metals will only replace metals and non metals will only replace nonmetals

double displacement

This occurs when parts of a ionic compound are being exchanged and traded which will make two brand new compounds

Synthesis

this happens and occurs when two different atoms and molecules touch or interact with each other to form a different molecule/compounds

Chemical reactions

Methane

Chemical equation for Methane

Ch4+2O2-CO2+2H2O

Combustion

Synthesis

2H2+O2-2H2O

Single displacement

zinc metal

Zn(s)+2Hcl (aq)-znCl2(aq)+H2(g)

zinc reacts with hydrochloride

Decomposition

2H2O2-2H2O+O2

Double displacement

Na2S+2Hcl-2Nacl+H2s

Nomenclature

Prefixes

A prefix is a letter or word that we will add to the beginning of a word. by doing this it will change the meaning of words

Some examples of prefixes would be mono=1 di=2 tri=3 tetra=4 penta=5 etc

Usage of roman Numerals

The roman numerals are used when writing equations or formulas. it represents the charge and the transition metal ions. For example Fe2+ as well as Fe3+ will be used to distinguish the difference. Fe2+ will be named iron (ll) and Fe3+ will be known as Iron (lll)