Gum and Stabilizer

Common Gums and Stabilizer

Gum arabic

Locust bean gum

Alginate

Xanthan gum

Guar gum

Cellulose

Carrageenan

Kappa

Lambda

Iota

Gelatin

Type A

Type B

Pectin

High methoxyl pectin

Low methoxyl pectin

Hydrocolloids

FUNCTIONS

Primary

Thickening agents

Gelling

Secondary

Stabilization of emulsion

Suspension of particulates

Control of crystallisation

Encapsulation

Formation of film

SOURCES

Trees

Cellulose

Tree gum exudates

Gum arabic

Gum karaya

Gum ghatti

Gum tragancanth

Plant parts

Starch

Pectin

Cellulose

Seeds

Guar gum

Locust bean gum

Tara gum

Tamarind gum

Algal

Red seaweeds

Agar

Carrageenan

Brown seaweeds

Alginate

Tubers

Konjac glucomannan

Microbial

Xanthan gum

Dextran

Gellan gum

Cellulose

Animal

Gelatin

Whey protein

THICKENERS

Xanthan gum

Carboxymethylcellulose

Methyl cellulose & Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose

Galactomannan (Guar & Locust bean gum)

GELLING AGENTS

THERMOREVERSIBLE

Xanthan gum & LBG/Konjac glucomannan

Gelatin

Agar

Kappa carrageenan

Iota carrageenan

Low methoxyl pectin

Gellan gum

Methyl cellulose & Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose

THERMOIRREVERSIBLE

Alginate

High methoxyl pectin

Konjac mannan

Locust bean gum

Properties

ACID STABILITY

Good

Pectin

Xanthan

Gellan

Gum arabic

Locust bean gum

Tragancanth

Fair

Guar gum

Polypropylene Glycol Alginate (PGA)

Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)

Gelatin

Alginate

Agar

Poor

Carrageenan

Celluose derivatives

SOLUTION CLARITY

Excellent

Cellulosics : Carboxymethycellulose(CMC), Methycellulose(MC), Hydroxypropylmethycellulose(HPC)

Carrageenan

Gellan

Gum arabic

Gelatin

Agar

Good

Pectin

Refined Locust Bean Gum

Fair

Starch

Guar

Locust bean gum

Xanthan

Polypropylene Glycol Alginate

Konjac

Microcrystalline cellulose

NATURAL vs NOT NATURAL

Natural

HMP & LMP

Carrageenan

Tragancanth, Karaya

Agar, Gelatin

Na alginate, Guar, Tara

Xanthan, Gellan

Konjac, Arabic gum,

Locust bean gum

Not Natural

Methylcellulose

Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose

Polypropylene Glycol Alginate

Low methoxyl pectin