Main Ideas of Week 1 & 2

Sackney (2007) Historical Development

SER vs SIR

Focusing on Equlaity

Focusing on efficiency

Focusing on International Competitiveness

Hopkins (2014) five phases of development

Understanding Culture

School level research

Comprehensive School reform

Building Local Capacity and leadership

Systematic improvement

Anderson & Sivasubramaniam (2007)

1970s: Innovation adoption & implementation

More concenrned with process

1980s: School effectiveness research

More concerned with outcomes

1990s: Alternative approaches

1. Decentralization and school-based management

School Based Management (SBM)

2. Comprehensive school reform

Whole school change

3. School choice and privatization

4. Standards and accountability-driven improvement

5. Professional learning communities and

mid 1990s: Professional Learning Communities

Potter et al (2002)

First Phase: International School Improvement Project

Free floating rather than systematic

Second Phase: synergy of SIR and ER

Third Phase: refining established ideas

school leadership

Clear mission

Intelligent implmentation

Teachers as learners

Teacher training and oversight

Establish communities of learning

Capacity building

Comprehensive reform

systematic change with targeted and incremental changes

Safe Environment

Working with parents

Potter et al. (2002)

Clarity of mission

Data richness

Careful monitoring to avoid error cascade

SOP

Proactive recruitment and targeted training

Rigorous evaluation of initiatives

Maintenance of equipment

Focus on at risk pupils

Changing political parties

Lack of buy-in from local educators

Reforms modified to have little change

Lack of guidance

Corporate donors

Lower paid contract teachers

Low cost

Open enrollment

Voucher system

Decentralized

Canada

Finland

Centralized

USA

Autonomy

Finland

Accountability

Canada

Alberta

AISI

Ontario

EQAO

USA

No Child Left Behind Act

Every Student Succeeds Act

Cyclical School Improvement Planning

Global Education Reform Movement (GERM)

Developing

Bigger impact classroom supply

Emphasis parent/community influence on decision making

Gatekeeping education through tests

Developed

basic level of school input guaranteed

Western Countries

Focus on student self-learning

Asian countries

Focuson role of teacher