Presentations

PAST SIMPLE

FORM OF A VERB

ACTION THAT HAPPENED BEFORE THE PRESENT TIME

IS NO LONGER HAPPENING

HAS TO ADD -ED TO THE VERB

PAST CONTINUOUS

DESCRIBES ON GOING ACTIONS IN THE PAST

THE PAST TENSE OF THE VERB TO BE

FORM OF A VERB

HAS TO ADD -ING TO THE VERB

PAST PERFECT

SIMILAR AS PRESENT PERFECT

IT REFERS TO A TIME IN THE PAST

HAS TO ADD HAD TO THE SENTENCE

HAS TO ADD THE PAST PARTICIPLE OF THE VERB

EXPRESS FUTURE PLANS AND ACTIONS

THEY ARE ALREDY DECIDED

OR IN THE PLANNING PROCESS

YOU HAVE TO USE THE CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO BE

PLUS GOING TO

EXPRESS FUTURE ACTIONS

BY SPONTANEUS DECISION

USE WILL

THE VERB IN BASE FORM

WORD OR GROUP OF WORDS

PRECEDE A NOUN

DEMOSTRATIVE

SPECIF ITEMS

SPACE

TIME

QUANTIFIERS

QUALITY OF A NOUN

POSSESIVE

OWNERSHIP

INTERROGATIVE

USE IN QUESTIONS

TO ASK ABOUT SPECIF ITEMS

NUMBERS

NUMERALS

ONE,TWO,TREE

ARTICLE

COMMON

TO NAME PERSONS, THINGS AND PLACES

IN GENERAL

PROPER

TO NAME A SPECIFIC ENTITY OR PERSON

COUNTABLES

CAN BE COUNTED

INDIVIDUALLY

UNCOUNTABLES

CANT BE COUNTED

ARE WORDS USED TO NAME PEOPLE, PLACES OR THINGS

SUBJECT PERSONAL

ACT AS THE SUBJECT

OF A SENTENCE

PERSONAL OBJECT

ACT AS THE OBJECT OF ACTION

OF A SENTENCE

ARE TYPES OF DETERMINERS

THE CHOICE OF ARTICLE CAN GREATLY AFFECT THE MEANING OF A SENTENCE

DEFINITIVE

THE

INDEFINITIVE

A - AN

PROVIDED ADITIONAL INFORMATION TO A NOUN

DEFINING

ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

NON-DEFINING

NON ESSENTIAL INFORMATION

INTODUCE RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO AND WHOM

REFER TO PEOPLE

WHICH

REFER TO ANIMAL AND THINGS

THAT

REFER TO PEOPLE, ANIMALS, OR THINGS

WHOSE

INDICATES POSSESION

REFER TO PEOPLE OR THINGS

USED TO JOIN TWO SENTENCES

MODIFIED VERBS, ADJECTIVES OR OTHER ADVERBS

MANNER

HOW AN ACTION IS DONE

TIME

WHEN AN ACTION OCCURS

0

A GENERAL TRUTH OR FACT

THE RESULT IS ALWAYS TRUE

IF + PRESENT SIMPLE + ... + PRESENT SIMPLE

1

EXPRESS A POSSIBLE SCENARIO OR CONDITION

POSSIBLE CONSECUENCES

IF+ PRESENT SIMPLE + WILL/WONT + INFINITIVE

2

THINGS USUALLY UNREAL OR UNLIKELY TO HAPPEN

PAST SIMPLE + WOULD + VERB

3

TO AN IMPOSIBLE CONDITION IN THE PASS

IF + PAST PERFECT + PREFECT CONDITIONAL

ABILITY

TO INDICATE

CAPACITY

CAPABILITY

EXAMPLES

CAN

COULD

BE ABLE TO

ADVICE

RECOMMENDATION OR SUGGESTION

SHOULD

POSSIBILITY

EVENTS OR SITTUATIONS

MAY

MAIGHT

COULD

OBLIGATION

TO OBLIGATE SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING

MUST

HAVE TO

SHOULD

PERMISSION

ASK FOR A CONFIRMATION

CAN

GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE

ACTIVE VOICE

SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT

PASSIVE VOICE

OBJECT + VERB + SUBJECT

THE BASIC FORM OF A VERB

THE TO + BASE VERB

BASE VERB