Relevance of Behavior Science to Medicine

Biomedical

biological

Biopsychosocial

biological

psychological

social

Predispostion

personality

lifestyle

Onset

stress

lack of social support

Course & Outcome

accumulation of life events

the social support buffer

Behavioral Science

how the person acts

how the person adjust

Levels of Explanation

Biological

Psychological

personality

Sociocultural

Theoretical Perspectives

Biological

Psychodynamic

Behavioral

Social learning

Cognitive

Debates

Nature Vs Nurture

Mind-Brain Vs Mind -Body

Relevant perspective to explain behavior

Appropriate method to be used

Infancy & preschool

infants

Toddlers

Preschool

milestones

attachment styles

securely

insecurely

avoidant

ambivalent

disorganized

common disorders

Childhood

Motor

Social-Emotional

industry Vs inferiority

Self concept

Cognitive

Adolescence

Early

Middle

Late

parenting

authoritarian

authoritative

permissive

uninvolved

Adulthood

Early

Middle

Old age

spheres

motor

social

emotional

verbal

theories

Erick Erikson

Jean Piageat

Margreat Mahler

Sigmud Freud

Chess & Thomas

Nature &nurture

Habituation

sensitization

classical conditioning

operant conditioing

clinical interview

mental status examination

psychological assessment

intelligence test

achievement test

personality

RAPID PFA Johns Hopkins

rapport listening

assessment

priortization

intervention

deposition

WHO PFA model

perpare

look

listen

link

definition of abnormality DSM-5

Criteria in defining Abnormal behavior

cultural relativism

unusualness

discomfort

mental illness

maladaptiveness

THEORIES OF THE MIND

topographic theory

unconscious

preconscious

conscious

structural theory

Id

EGO

SUPEREGO

Defense mechanisms

common

denial

regression

somatization

intellectualization

Isolation of affect

Transference Reactions

postive

negative

counter-transference

abused substances

sedatives

central nervous system depressants

opioids

heroin,morphine

stimulants

increase alertness & cognitive functioning

hallucinogens

alteration of consciousness

psychotic disorder

loss contact with reality

features

delusions

persecutory

referential

grandiose

erotomanic

somatic

Hallucinations

auditory

visual

tactile

disorganized thinking

derailment

tangentiality

word salad

grossly disorganized

mutism & stupor

catatonic excitement

negative symptoms

diminished emotional expression

avolition

alogia

Anhedonia

Asociality

odd/eccentric

paranoid

schizoid

schizotypal

dramatic/erratic

borderline

histrionic

narcissistic

antisocial

anxious/fearful

avoidant

dependent

obsessive-compulsive

psychanalysis and related therapies

techniques

free association

interpretation of dreams

analysis of transference

analysis of resistance

types

classic psychoanalysis

psychanalytically oriented psychotherapy

brief dynamic psychotherapy

interpersonal therapy

behavioral therapies

techniques

systemic desensitization

aversive conditioning

flooding &implosion

token economy

relaxation

biofeedback

cognitive behavioral therapy

others

group

family

couples

supportive

ADHD

inattention

hyperactivity

impulsivity

ASD

severe autism

Asperger's syndrome

SLD

Dyslexia

dyscalculia

IDD

subaverage intellectual functioning

Associated features

hypersensitivity

maladaptive behaviors

Depression

major depressive disorder

atypical depression

pseudo-dementia

diurnal variation in symptoms

masked depression

seasonal affective disorder

Mania

Dysthymia

hypomania

Bipolar disorder

1

2

cyclothymic disorder

anxiety disorders

GAD

specific phobia

social phobia

panic disorder

agoraphobia

separation Anxiety Disorder

selective Mutism

Obsessive compulsive and related disorders

obsessive compulsive disorder

body dysmorphic disorder

hoarding disorder

hair pulling disorder

skin picking disorder

Trauma and stressor related disorders

reactive attachment disorder

posttraumatic stress disorder

acute stress disorder

adjustment disoreder

Anorexia nervosa

Bulimia nervosa

Obesity

Qualities of counsellor

keeping confidentiality

empathy

unconditional positive grades

being genuine

being non-judgmental

patience & full attendance

counselling skills

active listening

accept

listen

keep silent into the client

continually involved

questioning

open ended

probing

clarification

leading

using silence

reflecting

paraphrasing

summarizing

counselling stages

building a rapport

problem assessment

setting treatment plan

termination & follow up

what is mental health ?

internal well-being

feeling in line with ones beliefs & values

peace with oneself

positive & optimistic

illness

spectrum of problems that interfere with individuals thoughts

factors affect mental health

biological

life experience

family history

lifestyle

signs of mental health problem

low energy

numb

helpless

withdrawing from people or activities you enjoy

what is selfcare?

greater capacity to manage stress

increased resilience

reduced symptoms of mental health problems

maintain positive connection with others

selfcare strategies

physically

emotionally

mentally

spiritually

socially

professionally

barriers to selfcare

no motivation

competitive priorities

lack of awareness of your own needs

putting others need first

importance

profound negative &positive implications on clinical care

history taking : age specific characteristics

Adult

open-ended

Adolescence

non judgmental

children

close-ended

negative factors in history taking

defense mechanism of illness

six step protocol for delivering bad news

set up

perception

invitation

knowledge

emotions

strategize & summarize

what is stress ?

biological & psychological response experienced on encountering a threat that we feel we do not have the resources to deal with

distress

negative stress

eustress

positive

the stress response

general adaptation response

alarm

resistance

exhaustion

stress & illness

heart disease & stress

psychoneuroimmunology

adverse reactions-psychological

anxiety

anger & aggression

apathy & depression

cognitive impairment

coping with stress

biological

immunity

diet

sleep

sociocultural

family

friends

psychological

self defenses

locus of control

self complexity

self talk

optimism

practicing & changing health behaviors

health behaviors

to enhance their health

health habit

without awareness

instability of health behaviors

intervening with children & adolescents

impact of early socialization

teachable moment

changing health habits in adults

health behavior education appeals

fear appeals

message framing

health belief model

factors

personal health threat

person believes that particular health practice will
be effective in reducing threat

strategies

self efficacy

self monitoring

modeling

self control

self reinforcement

facilitating behavior change

prochaska's model

1-pre-contemplation

2-contemplation

3-preparation

4-action

5-maintance

6-termination

adherence

factors increase adherence

feeling ill

limitation of usual activities

acute illness

peer support

simple treatment schedule

factors decrease adherence

chronic illness

anger at the physician

complex treatment

little disruption of activities

pain?

unpleasant sensory & emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage

medical consequences of pain

lead individual to seek treatment

perception of pain

psychological significance of pain

depression & anxiety worsen the experience of pain

kinds of pain

acute

chronic

pain control techniques

pharmacological control

surgical control

sensory control

biofeedback

relaxation techniques

distraction

guided imagery

understanding death

children's understanding

up to age 5

great sleep

age 5 to 9

death is final

9 & above

death is universal

reactions to young adult

shock ,outrage ,acute sense of injustice

death in middle age

realistic & fearful

death in old age

easier

more prepared