Macro-molecules

Proteins

Examples

Skin

Muscle

Hormones

Fingernails, Claws

Enzymes

Hair

Functions

Hormones

Movement

Immune System

Enzymes

Elements

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Carbon

Nitrogen

Unique Characteristics

Amino Acids are linked by peptide
bonds. Each amino acid is the same
except for the variable (function) group

Monomer

Lipids

Examples

Fats

Oils

Waxes

Steroids

Phospholipids

Monomer

Functions

Insulates Body

Cushions Organs

Energy Storage

Unique Characteristics

Lipids are Non-Polar and
Hydrophobic (Doesn't like
water.)

Elements

Hydrogen

Carbon

Oxygen

Nucleic Acids

Elements

Nitrogen

Phosphorous

Oxygen

Hydrogen

Unique Characteristics

RNA is a single nucleotide chain,
while DNA is a double nucleotide
chain spiraled in a double helix.

Examples

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)

Monomer

Functions

Store Hereditary Information

Transmit Hereditary Information

Series of bases encodes information

Stored information is passed
from parent to offspring

Carbohydrates

Monomer

Elements

Hydrogen

Carbon

Oxygen

Functions

Quick Energy

Energy Storage

Structure

Examples

Glycogen

Cellulose (Cell Wall)

Starches

Sugar

Unique Characteristics

Cellulose is the reason for carnivores
and herbivores. Cellulose is found in all
plants (All plants have cell walls) but
not all animals can digest cellulose
leading to some animals being herbivores
(Those that can digest cellulose)
and some animals being carnivores(Those
that can not digest cellulose.)