what students should know and do
alignment
alignment
alignment
broad celebrates individual talents
alignment
alignment
alignment
relevant to learners

PME 810 Conceptions & Philosophies (Annette & Dan)

Curriculum Conceptions

Academic Realism

philosophy

perennialism

objectives

design

content

Curriculum Based

source

knowledge/learner

subject designs

constant curriculum

classical subjects

broad based

generalized

single subject

dimensions

continuity/sequence

vertical

scope

horizontal

society

political

influence on curriculum

objectives

acquire tools for Western society

develop rational minds

"cultivate cognitive achievement and
intellect by helping students understand
knowledge" (Al Mousa, p. 29)

preparation for life

descriptors

precision

generality

cultivating

scholarly

Introduces students to subject disciplines
and to organized studies of knowledge.
Teaches students to think, question, hypothesize
and draw conclusions.
Engages students in critical thinking, problem solving, and inventive activities

learning experiences

"curriculum is seen as the vehicle by
which learners are introduced to subject
matter...and organized fields of study"
(Al Mousa, p. 27)

Pedagogy

prescribed

academic disciplines

forward mapping

scope and sequence of outcomes

start at beginning and move
towards specified end goal

backwards mapping or
backwards design

setting goals that dictate
instructional methods and
assessment tools

subject matter

organized knowledge building

disciplined

rigid

undisciplined

flexible

eg. home economics

evaluation

skill based

question

hypothesize

synthesize

outcome based

This

essentialism

also known as

cumulative tradition of
organized knowledge

Humanistic/Self-Actualization

philosophy

existentialism/reconstructivism

Design

Learner Centred

content

Source

Participation, integration,
relevance, self, goal

existing subject matter
infused with affect

Dimensions

sequence/continuity

vertical

not well defined

Integration

affective

intellectual

action

articulation

balance

scope

horizontal

content varies

objectives

development of skills and
conceptual knowledge
through physical movement
and expressing feelings

personal growth;
break bonds; change

students be what they
want to be
self-awareness

learning experiences

exploratory, puzzling,
playful, spontaneous

*holistic
*inquiry based
*flexible
*individual needs
*teachers provoke,mentor,
stimulate, and engage
*authentic tasks
*real world context
*cooperative learning

assessment and evaluation

outcome based

for learning

*understanding how each student learns
*planning with students
*co-created success criteria
*access prior knowledge

as learning

*self-assessment
*ongoing teacher feedback
*self-monitoring
*interviews
*informal oral questioning
*variety of applications

of learning

*self-assessment
*student ownership
*many correct answers
*open-ended
*alternative assessments
*performance tasks
*portfolios

confluent

consciousness

guided fantasy and meditation

Social Reconstruction

philosopy

reconstructionism

design

Problem Centred/Society-cultural based

content

source

society

political

radical

conservative

liberal

dimensions

sequence/continuity

vertical

not well defined

integration

social problems exist
in other disciplines

content relevant
to learners

articulation

balance

scope

horizontal

content varies

objectives

*creating and being a community of learners
*connected knowledge
*democracy
*social justice
*spirit of inquiry
*critical thinking

learning experiences

develop critical consciousness

group--active learners

*real-world significant
*learning through errors
*teacher facilitates learning--

assessment and evaluation

for learning

*access prior knowledge
*co-created criteria

as learning

*teacher observations
*peer assessments
*open-ended
*ongoing feedback
*conceptualized tasks
*broad range of tasks

of learning

Authentic

*Alternative assessments—authentic (journals, demonstrations, portfolios)
*working cooperatively with others
*performance tasks—products
*oral questioning
*self-assessment
*many correct answers

Technology/Cognitive Processes

philosophy

essentialism

objectives

design

content

problem centered

science/knowledge based

dimensions

continuity/sequence

vertical

forward mapping

task by task completion

working towards a goal

student driven/paced

systematic

predictable

scope

horizontal

Science

programmed

Learner

learning how to learn

self-awareness

intellectual autonomy

learning experiences

Pedagogy

personalized

dimensions

experiences

real life situations

growth oriented

objectives

descriptors

logical

concise/to the point

rigid

efficient

use technology to communicate knowledge and facilitate learning (Al Mousa, p. 23)

use technology to learn theory

use technology to communicate learning

Cognitive Process objectives:
-refinement of intellectual skills
and processes
-develop cognitive skills

concentrates on developing
intellectual processes by
sharpening students' intellectual
and cognitive skills (Al Mousa, p. 30)

evaluation and assessment

outcome based

how vs what

specific

teaching to the test

most valuable outcomes are learned

teaching to an ends

of learning

for learning

as learning

descriptors

-facilitated
-can be tech based
-provides growth through
feedback and reflection
-logical
-concise

rigid

Subject Centered

assessment

for learning

Formative or Summative:
-questioning
-feedback
-from peers
-from self
-from teacher

of learning

Generally summative:
self assessment
-rubrics
-evaluation forms
-checklist
-reflective tasks

peer assessment
-rubrics
-evaluation forms
-checklist

teacher assessment
-test/quizzes/homework/etc
-rubrics
-written feedback
-oral feedback

as learning

For student:
-Mid-unit reflection and assessment

For teacher:
-shows how much knowledge students
have taken in
-lets teacher know if students are
ready to move on to next step in
progression of topic

descriptors

authentic
fair
continuous
summative
formative

Fair

Authentic

pedagogy

curriculum

assessment

Alignment

Alignment

Technology Driven Curriculum

curriculum

pedagogy

assessment

fair

authentic