but due to recent increase in high-fat, high-sodium diets
aiding in
historically selects for
changed the
conserve sodium better due to
due to natural selection based on sodium conservation in factors such as
more frequent in
decreases
worsened by
impacts likelihood of
affects
shapes
affects
affects
regulates
modulates
increases
affects
decreases
causes
improves
influences
mitigates
improves
mitigates
improves
increases
reduces
normal function usually decreases
selected due to improved conservation of sodium
decreases
can alter expression of
mutation usually increases
impacts
affects

What factors influence the risk of Cardiovascular Disease?

access to green spaces

stress

physical activity

blood pressure regulation

air pollution

air quality

risk of chronic inflammatory diseases

cardiovascular injuries in healthy people

immune system

noise pollution

sleep

cardiovascular function

bodily homeostasis

increase heart rate

sunlight exposure

circadian rhythms

immune response

bodily functions

cholesterol

gene expression

diet

overweightness and obesity

shift work

extreme variations in temperature

climate change

genetic predisposition

expression of gene involved in low-density lipoprotein oxidation

fewer monocytes

risk of cardiovascular disease

fewer inflammatory markers

pre-existing conditions

hypertension

Black people

hot climates and poor living conditions during the slave trade

angiotensinogen, G-protein B3 subunit, and epithelial Na+ channel subunit gene

hypercholesterolemia

natural selection

proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages in adipose tissue to non-HDL cholesterol blood concentration

increase in fighting off infections

phenotypes with high plasma cholesterol concentration and high blood pressure

higher risk of Cardiovascular Disease

older age and male gender

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