Cognition

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Cognition

BRAIN

Plasticity: your brains ability to adapt: ex: learning a new language giving a physical cue, instead of just more time

Visual Reality: forms an image. When it hasn't been used, it is hard to use.If you make visual connections you retain info better.

if something isn't developing well, it is hard to make things stick= use multiple ways to learn

Individual Physical State: knowing when you are getting a headache, tired, etc. Found out by cueing, seeing difficulties, observing ex: anxiety: starts in the body: turn red, bite nails

Negative Transfer: take what you learned and apply it uncorrectly

positive transfer: take what you learned and apply it elsewhere

does having something that you didn't have before change the way the brain works? Does it make life to overwhelming does it become possible to decrease the overwilling effect

Attribution Theory

stable vs unstable

internal vs external

controllable vs uncontrollable

my personal Theory

Our brain fills in the gaps to better understand the world around us

personal theory

Over generalization: categorizing to broadly: all blondes are my sons, all black furry animals are dogs

Undergeneralization: categorizing too narrowly only one of my sons is truly my son only black dogs are dogs

self regulation: can decrease anxiety by self regualting

Self efficacy: how confident you are at preforming a task

Self Esteem: how you value a perception of yourself

Personal Fable: rooted in how their world is unique An explanation of why they are different

The book "The Giver"

Self concept: how you see yourself

your brain fills in the gaps for things it doesn't understand

our own ideas about how the world works

Domains

Thinking-cognitive domain

Vygotski

Piaget

Physical: Psychomotor Domain

To whistle: do you have a tongue

Emotional- affective domain

Phycomotor: mind talks to body to get things done

Affective: emotional part: personalize

Constructivism: piaget and Vygotsky: learning

Control Language: do this Informational language

Zone of Proximal Development

Social

Planning Lessons

Disequilibrium: mental state of discomfort: can lead to curiosity or debilitating anxiety

Affective domain: emotional response

Cueing: ex. push a plate towards a baby to get her to eat

Situational Interest: why we create advertisements

Scaffolding: ex. sing next to them so they can sing the right pitch

zone of proximal Development: learning while stretching

Undergeneralization: over categorization

Civil Rights is not just for blacks, it also includes women's rights

Eric Erickson

intimacy vs isolation

identity vs role confusion

industry vs inferiority

initiative in social situations vs guilt

autonomy vs shame and doubt

Trust vs mistrust

Motivation

Moral Delima: Should I share Questions are: Good girl-should I share Personal Interest: I want to keep the gum for myself Social Contract: friends are supposed to share

Will to power: individuals want to be in charge of their environment (esp. boys)

Positive Reinforcement: adding a stimulus to increase target behavior

Punished by rewards: how do we function w/o giving people praise

negative reinforcement: remove stimulus- food to increase desired result-clean room

Token Economy: earn tickets= save up for screen time

Extrensic Motivation: you get something for doing something else

intrinsic motivation: internal

Someone will help you

increase self-efficasy

give choices

Kolburg Moral Development Stages

Universal Ethical principle

Social Contract

post conventional

Law and Order morality

Good boy/girl

social convention

Exchange favors

Punishment vs Reward/ obedience

pre-conventional

Prototypes

Negative instance: in order to help teach what it is, they teach what it isn't

Correlational Characteristics: sometimes present

Defining Characteristic: shown in all instances

positive instances: a good first example of a catagory

prototype: a best first example

Anxiety

State anxiety: you create anxiety for someone else

Debilitating Anxiety: can't Function

Hot Cognition: Extreme action to get attention

passing around a lampshade made of Jewish skin

Phatic Communication: physical touch that can lower anxiety

High Trait Anxiety: your anxiety can increase and can lead to debilitating anxiety

Trait Anxiety: how anxious a person you are in every day life

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