Biology: Concept Map

Plasma Membrane

Exocytosis

Rough ER

Lumin

Plasma membrane contains

SRP Receptor

binds to the

SRP protien

Are found in

Cytosol

binds to

Protiens

Contain

ER Sequence

to synthesize

RNA

use

Ribosomes

Protein undergoes glycosylation

Adds a carbohydrate group

Forms a glycoprotein

Which through a vesicle to the

Golgi Apparatus

Which has a cis face

Protein then travels with cisternae

Is a specific vesicle

To the trans face

Protein exits and travels with a vesicle

Has a specific "tag"

Directed to the cytoplasm using a motor protein

Travels on microtubles

Arrives at the

Local Signaling

Short Distance

3 Steps

Reception

Targets

Cell Detections

Transduction

2 Types

Series of Change

Single Step

Response

Triggers

Specific cellular response

Regulates

Cell Metabolism

Cytoplasmic Activity

Nuclear transcription

Synoptic neuro transmitters

Paracrine (growth Factor)

Binds with

Signal Molecule

Ligand

Long Distance Signaling

Horomones

Protein Phosphorylation

Protein Kinase

Reversal Enzymes

Protein Phosphotases

Phosphate

from ATP

Protiens

Activates

Protiens

Cell Reproduction

Ion Channels

Ligand Gated

allows

Calcium Ions

Into

Cytoplasm

From

Mitochondrial Matrix

Second Messangers

Non protien signaling pathway

Example

Cyclic AMP (cAMP)

Example

Glycogen breakdown with epinephrine

Enzyme

G-Protien linked receptor(in membrane)

Created

Adenylyl Cyclase

Replication

uses enzymes and proteins

DNA helicase

unzips DNA helix

Replication fork is formed

forming leading strand

strand is continuously synthesized

by DNA polymerase

RNA primase synthesizes RNA primer

lagging strand

discontinuously synthesised

RNA primase creates

RNA primer

DNA polymerase replicates primer

Okazaki fragments are linked

By

DNA Ligase

Topoisomerase

Prevents DNA from recoiling

DNA polymerase

adds nucleotides

in 5'->3' direction

SSB

Keeps DNA strands separated

Primase

Synthesizes short RNA primers

Starting point for DNA synthesis

Transcription

Occurs in nucleus

starts with DNA

unzipped by RNA polymerase

Creates mRNA

Translation

Occurs in cytoplasm

Begins with mRNA

Contains codons

Binds to anti codon

Contains tRNA

Can fit two ribosomes

contains amino acids

make protein