Events

Delivery

Physical access

Remote access

Radio frequency

RF Crane modification

2009 Texas Hospital HVAC operating room

Personal Medical devices

insulin pump

pacemaker

Access

hack

employee

former

current

open access

intercept/ replay

Action

Destruction

Indirect

Stuxnet

Disk erasing attack - Business IT systems deleted
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamoon

Shionogi, Inc. OT systems deleted (Pharma)
IT servers deleted by former employee. The attack effectively froze operations for a number of days. The company suffered at least $800,000 in losses. 2011

Grocery Store Refrigeration

thermostat

Direct

Norsk Hydro

printer

Modification

Settings

Stuxnet

Pump Systems

2021 Florida water treatment plant

2012 A major sewage spill sent 2 million gallons of raw sewage into the Tijuana River in San Ysidro, California. A programmable logic controller failed shutting down pumps and controls.

Vehicle

2012 A computer glitch caused the Superman: Ultimate Flight rollercoaster to become stuck at the top of a 150 foot hill.

Environmental

2009 Security guard accessed Texas hospital’s utilities including pumps and chillers in the operating room. Changed alarms and settings

Personal Medical devices

insulin pump

pacemaker

Grocery Store Refrigeration

Function

Deception

Setting

Stuxnet

2011 Malware - On August 20, 2008 Spanair flight 5022 crashed just after takeoff from Madrid-Brajas International Airport killing 154. 3 Alarms were not provided to pilots prior to takeoff.

2009 Security guard accessed Texas hospital’s utilities including pumps and chillers in the operating room. Changed alarms and settings

Thermostat

Function

Denial

Access