Fluid Mechanics

Properties

Density

It is defines as mass per unit.

Units are g/cm^3

Specific weight

It is weight per unit Volume of a material

Units are N/m^3 and lb/ft^3

Temperature

It is average kinetic energy of particles in an object

Units are kelvin and celsius

Pressure

the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed

Specific Volume

the ratio of the substance volume to mass

units are m^3/kg

Applications

Pascal’s Law

hydraulic lift

Hydraulic brakes

Archimedes principle

floating of a big ship

Fish floating

Bernoulli’s
Principle

Attraction between two parallel moving boats

Types of fluid

Compressible

the fluids with variable density

Incompressible

The fluid with constant density

Real fluids

fluids which have viscosity, surface tension, shearing force, and compressibility

Ideal plastic Fluid

A fluid having the value of shear stress more than the yield value

Non-Newtonian

It does not follow Newton's law of viscosity, i.e., constant viscosity independent of stress

Newtonian fluids

It has constant viscosity, with zero shear rate at zero shear stress.

Examples of fluids

Water

blood

Glycerine