Learning Srategies
Cognitive Learning
Steps or operations used or problem-solving
Metacognitive Learning
Used to oversee, regulate & self-direct language learning
Communication Strategies
Less directly related to language learning since their focus is on the process of participating in a conversation
Social Strategies
Activities learners engage in which afford them opportunities to be exposed to practise their knowledge
Direct Strategies
Compensation
A. Guessing intelligentlyB. Overcoming Limitations *speaking *writing
Cognitive
A. PractisingB. Receiving & sending messages strategiesC. Analysing & reasoningD. Creating Structure * input * output
Memory
A. Creating mental linkagesB. Applying images & soundsC. Reviewing wellD. Employing action
Indirect Strategies
Metacognitive
A. Centering your learningB. Arranging & planning your learningC. Evaluating your learning
Affective
A. Lowering your anxietyB. Encouraging yourselfC. Taking your emotional temperature
Social
A. Asking questionsB. Cooperating with othersC. Emphatising with others
COGNITIVE STRATEGIES
More limited to specific learning task & it involves more direct manipulation of the learning materials itself
METACOGNITIVE STRATEGIES
Strategies which require planning for learning, thinking about the learning process, monitoring of ones production or comprehension and evaluating learning after an activity is completed
SOCIOAFFECTIVE STRATEGIES
Related with social-mediating activity and transacting with others. Cooperation and question for clarification are the main socioaffective strategies.