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In physics, energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object. Energy is a conserved quantity; the law of conservation of energy states that energy can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed
There are many different types of energy, which all fall into two primary forms – kinetic and potential.
Energy can transform from one type to another, but it can never be destroyed or created.
Gravitational energy is a form of potential energy.
It is energy associated with gravity or gravitational force, in other words, the energy held by an object when it is in a high position compared to a lower position.
Give examples.
Nuclear energy is stored in the nucleus of atoms.
This energy is released when the nuclei are combined (fusion) or split apart (fission).
Nuclear power plants split the nuclei of uranium atoms to produce electricity.
What element do they use to fuel nuclear power plants?
The CH's gather in an mutual agreement because they dislike water.
Thermal energy is created from the vibration of atoms and molecules within substances. The faster they move, the more energy they possess and the hotter they become. Thermal energy is also called heat energy.
Give examples of heat energy.
the opposite partial charges are attracted to the opposite complete charge
Motion energy or mechanical energy is the energy stored in objects; as objects move faster, more energy is stored.
Examples of motion energy include wind, a flowing river, etc.
Give more examples.
polar molecules interaction with Hydrogen atoms bonded to either F, O, or N because they have a high electronegativity.
water properties
pH
basic
more than 7 with a lower H+ concentration
neutral
equal to 7 balance for organisms to live
acidic
less than 7 with a higher H+ concentration
Universal solvent
nonpolar
Polar or ionic
Denser as a liquid than solid
water has a lower volume than ice so ice would float. So then water would have a higher density than ice. Creating a crystal structure
Expansion upon freezing
Ice has a greater volume than its liquid form
So the ice will float in water and has the ability to insulate the temperature below ice so that organisms can still exist
As temperatures decrease the hydrogen bonds start to expand away from each other forming the hydrogen bonds not breaking them.
High heat of vaporization
water absorbing a high amount of heat breaking hydrogen bonds to not reform but vaporize (gas) leaving cool molecules back
High specific Heat
The ability for heat to absorb or lose some of the substance to change its temperature
Water molecules abosrbe heat and break hydrogen bonds but they are close enough to reform and release heat. No kinetic heat increase
helps moderate temperature
Cohesion and adhesion
Adhesion- Hydrogen bonds clinging to other molecules
Cohesion- hydrogen bonds in water sticking to other water molecules.
Surface tension- the cohesion of water molecules hydrogen bonds ability to hold the surface of a liquid.
Energy storage is the capture of energy produced at one time for use at a later time. A device that stores energy is generally called an accumulator or battery.
Thermal energy storage is achieved with widely differing technologies.
Depending on the specific technology, it allows excess thermal energy to be stored and used hours, days, months later, at scales ranging from the individual process, to building or town.
What are 3 types of thermal energy?
Cl- gains one electron to give it 8 valence electrons giving it one more electron than proton.
Na+ loses the one valence electron to complete the octet rule giving it one more proton than electrons
The battery acquires its charged condition either by recharging or in the manufacturing of the unit.
During discharge, the chemical on the anode releases electrons, and ions in the electrolyte undergo an oxidation reaction.
Name the particular compounds in which energy is stored:
Example: CH's
There is no difference in their electronegativity so no pull and no partial charge.
Difference in electronegativity making the electrons unequally shared
Example: H2O
The Oxygen has a higher electronegative pull so gains a partial negative and the Hydrogen gains a partial positive because being pulled by Oxygen.
No electronegative difference so the electrons are shared equally
