Prosocial behavior

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Prosocial behavior

Situational determinants of prosocial behavior: when will people help

Effects of media: Video games and song lyrics increase helping

Communal relationship vs exchange relationship

In general we are more likely to help in a Communal relationship than an exchange relationship except if our self esteem is threatened then we are more likely to help the stranger.

The more bystanders the less likely to help

Residential mobility: longtime one place

Rural vs urban

Personal qualities: why do Some people help more than others

Effect of mood

Sad, negative state relief hypothesis

Feel bad, do good

Guilt to cancel bad deeds

feel good, do good

Cultural differences

ingroup-empathy, outgroup-furthers self interest

Gender differences

males heroic acts, females long term relationships commitment

Altruistic personality

Qualities

not much more likely to help

Empathy altruism hypothesis

we will help if we feel empathy

If not we will help if benefits outweigh costs

we will help purely for altruistic reasons regardless of gain

How can helping be increased?

Increasing Volunteerism

must not be imposed to avoid over justification effect

Awareness of bystander effect

prosocial behavior and altruism

Any act performed with goal of benefiting another person

Altruism desire to help even if it involves cost to helper

Evolutionary psychology

Reciprocity norm: helping others will increase the likelihood that they will help us in future

kin selection: behaviors that help genetic relative are favored

Social exchange: maximize reward minimize cost

true altruism does not exist

People help when benefits outweigh costs

cost

danger,pain, embarrassment, time

Reward

reciprocity, relief, self worth