Suffixes

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AFFIXES: Suffixes and Prefix

Prefixes, Suffixes and Roots

A prefix is a group of letters attached to the beginning of a word to partly demonstrate its definition. A root word is a base or stem of a word that conveys meaning.

Common suffixes

ry entry, ministry, robbery -ship friendship, membership, workmanship -sion/-tion/-xion expression, population, complexion

-ity/-ty brutality, equality, cruelty -ment amazement, disappointment, parliament

-ism capitalism, Marxism, socialism (philosophies) -ist capitalist, Marxist, socialist

er/-or driver, writer, director -hood brotherhood, childhood, neighbourhood

-ance/-ence reliance, defence, insistence -dom boredom, freedom, kingdom

-age baggage, village, postage -al arrival, burial, deferral

A prefix is a letter or group of letters, for example 'un-' or 'multi-', which is added to the beginning of a word in order to form a different word. For example, the prefix 'un-' is added to 'happy' to form 'unhappy

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word which makes a new word

An additional element placed at the beginning or end of a root, stem, or word, or in the body of a word, to modify its meaning

suffixes for adjective

-Y suffix that indicates abundance and that can be added to the end of a noun to form adjectives

Hair / hairy Rain / rainy

-ship A suffix to form abstract nouns from other nouns

Dictator / dictatorship Citizen / citizenship

-ful This suffix has a meaning of "abundance of something" and can be added to nouns to form nouns or adjectives

Flavour / flavourful Wonder / wonderful

-ess / -ine change the gender of a noun from masculine to feminine

Waiter / waitress Actor / actress

-ness With this suffix we can transform an adjective into a noun. If the adjective ends in -y, it is changed to a -i

-ness happiness, kindness, usefulness

It is added to adjectives or nouns to form adverbs

Prefixes and Suffixes

Prefixes and suffixes are grammatical “affixes” (prefixes come before the root word, and suffixes come after). In very simplistic terms, prefixes change the meaning of words, and suffixes change their form (including plural, tense, comparative, and part of speech).

Suffixes for verbs

-ment Convert verbs into nouns

To enlarge / enlargement To move / movement

-ee designates the person who receives the action indicated by the original verb.

To employ / employee

er The person who performs the action is added to the verbs for design

To speak / speaker To teach / teacher

-ance change the final e of the verb for a

To insure / insurance To guide / guidance

-able To form adjectives from verbs.

To drink / drinkable To reason / reasonable