Understanding children’s development

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Understanding children’s development

Intellectual development (skills of understanding, memory and concentration)

Becoming more globally aware

Will question sources of information

Developing ability to think abstractly

Reading and writing confidently

Can reason and apply logic to problems

6–8 years

Understands the use of symbols in maths, writing, etc.

Great curiosity in relation to workings of his or her environmen

Able to understand concept of conservation

By 5 years

Counts to 20 by rote

Knows time of day for basic activities, for example breakfast, bedtime

Colours pictures neatly

Copies square, and range of letters

How children learn, think and develop ideas

Communication and speech

Words now used with meaning

The stage up to about 12 months when a child starts to say his first words.

The development of language divides into two distinct stages

Linguistic

Pre-linguistic

Non-verbal communication

Children probably use it more than adults do

The speed of language acquisition is amazing

By eight months a child will be babbling sounds like ‘dadada’, by 18 months he or she will be using 30–40 words and by three years a child will be constructing complex sentences

Social and emotional development (child’s identity, self-image, relationships, feelings)

Secondary socialisation teaches children

How to interact with adults who are not family

How to interact with friends and others

The‘rules’ of society, what is acceptable and what is not outside the home

Secondary socialisation

Regular contact with people and settings outside their home.

Playgroup, nursery and school, and continues throughout life.

Primary socialisation

Takes place within the family, in the first years of a child’s life

Socialisation

Learning to cope in the family and society we live in

Learning to live with others in both our family and society

Family and friends play an important part

Physical development (body increasing in skill and performance)

13–16 years

For girls puberty is complete at about 14 and periods start. For boys puberty is 13–16 and they will be stronger than girls

8–12 years

Puberty starts around 10 for girls with a growth spurt and increase in body strength

Improves physical skills that have already developed

6–7 years

Enjoys hopping, bike riding, roller blading and skating

Controls pencil in a small area and does detailed drawing

5 years

Runs quickly

Forms letters and writes own name

Easily dresses and undresses

Draws a person with a head, body and legs, and a house

The important skills of using our bodies

Use of large muscles to walk, run, climb, jump and skip and the use of our smaller muscles

Aspects of development that we can see happening.

Grown in terms of size, height and weight