Basic Lesions

Mucula

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Non-infiltrated marksLocated modification of the colour

Erythema

Pale pink to dark red

Disappear on vitro pression

the cause is Vasodilation

Purpura

Dark red

Do not disappear on vitro pression

Extravasation of blood

Pigmented macules

Melanin depositis into the epidermis or the dermis

Dark than the srrounding skin

Achromic macules

Decrease in the melanin content

Whitish than srrounding skin

Elevation with Solid Contents

Papules

Solid content

Epidermis or dermis

Size < 1cm

Elevations

Nodules

Deep dermis and subcutis

Hemispherical elevations

> 1 cm

Usually Related to Benign or Mailgnant Tumors

Vegetations

Filiform excrescences

Soft consistency

Warts

Excrescences

Increase in Upper layer of epidermis

Horny layer

Elevation with Fluid Contents

Vesicles

Cutaneous protuberances

Small (Size < 3mm)

Clear liquid

Most comon related to viral Infection as Herps Zoster

Bullae

Liquid content

clear, couldy or haemorrhagic

Size > 5 mm

Pustules

Liquid content

Purulent (pus)

Yelloish in color

Loss continuity of Skin

Erosions

Loss of substances

Superficial (epidermis)

No scars

Ulcers

Loss of substances

Deep Involve all layer of skin

There is a Scars

Common seen in Leg ulcer , Diabetic foot

Something add to the surface of skin

Scales

Aggregates of horny cells

Superficial layers of the epidermis (stratum corneum)

Detach in fragments (white)

Crusts

Concretions

When liquid lesions dry out(exudative, haemorrhagic or purulent)

Different colours

Change of skin normality

Atrophy

Reduction in skin thickness

Loss of elasticity

Sclerosis

Induration

Loss of suppleness

Gangrene

Tissue necrosis

Loss of arterial or arteriolar blood supply