PERSOCRATICS

He passed from myth to logos

He asked what gived origin to everything

He was the founder of natural philosophy

Water make life

Water move on his own so it need to have soul

The soul is what makes things move

This explains earthquakes

Something indefinite, indeterminate and unlimited

Immotal and indestructible

Everything goes out and back of the apeiron

Animals came from water heated by Sun

Humans came from fishs

Air dominate and join the cosmos, as soul with the body

Generation of things from other diferent element

Condensation

Rarefraction

Stars are made of fire (rarefied air)

Stars turn around Earth

They are entities and have their own existence

Numbers are reflected in geometric figures that forms bodies

This explains our similarities with other animals

Strict life

They were veganisms and can't have personal things. They practiced the secretism

The stucture of the universe was arithmetic and geometry

Explain the universe with maths

Earth was the centre of the universe

Became a religious sect

They pretended to expand and influence in the politics

Goverment ordened to eliminate the sect killing all their members

Logos is part of the nature

Logos speak to people but not all people know to understand and speak with it

For a balance is need a struggle of opposites

Opposites don't contradict each other, they form a harmony

Fire is the best example of this

Fire is maintained because it is consumed all the time

He was the master of Democritus

Founder of the atomism

All is created by atoms that are always moving

It's said that he didn't exist

Some phylosophers said that he was invented by Democritus to make their ideas more meaningful

Universe is infinite

The earth shape is like a drum and rotates on its centre

460-370 a.C.

He was the disciple of Leucippus

Founder of the atomism

Atoms are homogeneus and indivisible

Soul is also made of atoms

There is fire in all living things

All can be explain materialistically

Full vs empty (like being vs non-being)

The empty is necessary for full to exist

Is a force like a whirlwind who moves all and it's the cause of the order and armony

The nous was the origin of the universe and the cause of the existence

It penetrates somethings and others no

This explains the existence of animated and inert objects

His arche were the homeomers

Particules or seeds of which all is made

He said that there can be more elements

The arches joins in a esphairos, so it can be also considered as a monism

Sphairos is made of 4 elements

Fire

Water

Air

Ground

Love joins sphairos and discord separete them

The change exist

Two opposing forces, love and discord

Love and discord join and separate arches

Paradox of Achiles and the turtle

Infinite points are impossible to traverse mathematically. It's only possible with senses

He adopted the monism

All is one, eternal and immovable

Universe is formed by something continious, refering to the being

470 a.C.- don't know

Extended the ideas of Parmenides of the being

The being is not delimited by a sphere

The being is all, not only what we can touch

The being is and the non-being isn't is. It's impossible a change

Don't exist the time

The being is delimited by a sphere

All inside the sphere is the being

All outside sphere is the non-being, that don't exist

The individuals don't exist. If they exist there would be non-being

Proem

Alethea

Is the way use of truth

If you use this you are right

Doxa

Is the way use our senses

If you use this you are wrong

Scientific theories