The Time Paradox

Time Perspective Model

Make a Decision / Take Action

Memories

Past Oriented

Positive

Negative

Immediate Stimuli

Present Oriented

Hedonistic

Fatalist

Anticipated consequences

Future Oriented

Influencing Factors

Present

Instability

Future

Education

Subtopic

Correlations

Past

Positive

Happy (r=0.4)

+ Self Esteem (r=0.3)

Friendliness (r=0.3)

Negative

Anxiety (r=0.75)

Depression (r=0.7)

Aggression (r=0.7)

Self-Esteem (r= -0.6)

Emotional Stability (r= -0.55)

Present

Hedonistic

Novelty Seeking (r=0.7)

Sensation Seeking (r=0.7)

Energy (r=0.4)

Ego control (r= -0.75)

Prefer consistency (r= -0.7)

Fatalistic

Aggression (r=0.5)

Anxiety (r=0.5)

Depression (r=0.45)

Concern with Future (r= -0.75)

Future

Conscienciousness (r=0.7)

Processes

Positive

Past

Happy

Sel-Esteem

Gratitude

Wisdom

Family Values

Present

Joy

Criativity

Energy

Future

Achievements

Health Focus

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Probability Thinking

+ Expectations

Negative

Past

Trauma

Depression

Guilt

Revenge

Resist Change

Present

Addiciton

Risky actions

Violence/Anger

Future

Anxiety

Social isolation

Competitiveness

Thoughts

Marshmallow Study

Impulsive

Reflective

Why campaings against drug addiction do NOT work

Past and Present-Oriented kids don't do well in school

Instead of giving negative atributes, understand TP of people

Paradox #2

The positive features of any biased TP are offset by its negatives

Optimal Profile

Past-Positive

Moderately High

Present Hedonism

Moderate

Future

Moderately High