Universal Common Ancestor
-DNA as genetic storage
-Ester bonds in cell membranes
Peptidoglycan
Bacteria
Presence of Histones
Nucleus and Organelles
Eukarya
SAR Clade
Filose Psuedopodia
Rhizaria
Radiolarian
Foraminifera
Secondary Plastids
Membranous vesicles
on cell membrane
Alveolata
Dinoflagellates
Tripartite flagellar
hair
Stramenopila
Diatoms
Giant Kelp
Primary Plastids
Archaeplastids
Rhodophytes
Chlorophyte-Plant
Common Ancestor
Chlorophytes
Plant-Charophyte
Common Ancestor
-Primary plastids
Charophytes
-Zygotic life cycle
Kingdom Plantae
Common Ancestor
-Sporic life cycle
-Embryo
-Dessication-resistant spores
-Apical meristems
-Gametangia
-Sporangia
Common Ancestor
Common Ancestor
Common Ancestor
-Lignin
-Xelem/Phloem
-Sporophyte (dominant generation)
-Thick waxy cuticle
-Stomata
Common Ancestor
Seed Plant
Common Ancestor
-Ovules
-Pollen
-Seeds
-Heterospory
-Wood
Gymnosperms
Scots Pine
Bald Cypress
Angiosperms
-Fruit
-Endosperm
-Ovaries
-Flowers
Southern Magnolia
White Water Lily
Monilophytes
Lycophytes
Hornworts
Mosses
Liverworts
Unikonta
Ameobozoa
Pseudopodia
Slime Molds
Opisthokonta
Animal Choanoflagellate
Common Ancestor
Kingdom Animalia
-Multicellularity
-Mobility
-Gametic life cycle
Porifera
Eumetazoa
-Tissues
Cnidaria
-Radial symmetry
-Diploplasty
Meduzozoans
Hydrozoa
-polyp and medua form
Scyphozoa
Anthozoans
-polyp form
Bilateria
-Bilateral body symmetry
Protostomia
-Spiral and determinate cleavage
-Blastophore becomes mouth
-Cephalization
Lophotrochozoa
-Triploblasty
-Trocophore and / or lophophore larvae
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
-Tentacles
Gastropoda
-soft or hard shell
Bivalvia
-Shell divided in two
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Cestoda
-Lacks mouth and gastrointestinal cavity
Trematoda
-Requires host
Rhabditophorians
-Parasitic
Ecdysozoa
-Diploblasty
-Ecdysis
Arthropoda
Chelicerata
-Claw appendages
Common Ancestor
Hexapoda
-Complex organ systems
-Metamorphosis
Crustacea
-Specialized claw appendages
Nematoda
Deuterostoma
-Triploblasty
-Radial and indeterminate embryonic cleavage
-Blastophore becomes anus
-Echinodermata
-Water Vascular system
Asteroidea
-Adhesive chemicals for gripping
Ophiuroidea
-No adhesives
Echinoidea
-No tube arms
Holothuroidea
-No spines or endoskeleton
Chordata
-Notochord
-Hollow Dorsal Nerve Cord
-Post anal tail
Pharyngeal slits
Cephalochordata
Common Ancestor
Urochordata
Vertebrate Common Ancestor
-Vertebral column
-Cranium
Hagfish
-Agnathans
Gnathostome Common Ancestor
-jaws
Chrondrichthyes
-Cartilaginous skeleton
Osteichthyan Common Ancestor
-Lungs
-Bony Skeleton
Ray-finned fish
Common Ancestor
Common Ancestor
Lobe-finned fish
Lung fish
Tetrapod Common Ancestor
-Limbs with digits
Amphibians
Amniote Common Ancestor
Reptiles
Turtles
Lepidosaurs
Archosaur Common Ancestor
Crocodilians
Birds
-Endothermy
Mammals
-Hair
-Milk
Choanoflagellates
Fungi Nucleariids
Common Ancestor
Kingdom Fungi
-Multicellularity
-Chitin cell wall
-Zygotic life cycle
-Absorptive heterotrophy
Fly Agaric
Black Bread Mold
Nucleariids
Feeding groove,
Secondary plastids in
photosynthetic species
Excavata
Euglenoids
Ether Bonds
Archaea