Ways to Categorise LLS

O'Malley & Chammot (1985)

Cognitive Strategy

Meta cognitive Strategy

Sosioeffective Strategy

Oxford (1990)

Direct Strategies

Memory

Cognitive

Compensation

Indirect Strategies

Meta cogntive

Affective

Social

Mohammad Amin (1996)

Classroom LLS

Out-of-Classroom LLS

Exam LLS