によって Michelle Hahn 4年前.
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Propanolol concept map
Propanolol, a nonselective beta blocker, is extensively used to treat various cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, angina, coronary heart disease, and arrhythmias. It is completely absorbed in the body, with maximum plasma concentrations occurring within 1 to 3 hours post-ingestion.
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Propanolol side effects overdose side effect: slow heartbeat rash/swelling/hives/itching difficulty breathing constipation diarrhea tiredness dizziness abrupt withdrawal is associated with tachycardia, angina pectoris, and rarely myocardial infarction drug interactions anesthesia with epinephrine blood pressure drugs: ACE inhibitors, other beta blockers, or alpha blockers Blood thinning drugs NSAIDS may reduce effectivness of drug contraindications severe low blood pressure shock syndrome Atrioventricular Valve block bradycardia COPD smoking indications angina pectoris arrythmia coronary heart disease hypertension general dosages 80mg orally 1x/day dental applications/considerations oral lichenoid reaction altered/loss sense of taste xerostomia --> increased caries risk used to reduce patient anxiety before extractions or post extractions to minimize dental-related apprehension. This practice has not been studied Subtopic monitor patient's vital signs throughout appointment and minimize any stressful activities that could elevate hypertensive patient's vitals chronic propanolol therapy and lidocaine with epinephrine administration is associated with hypertensive blood pressure function reduce release of renin from juxtaglomerular apparatus reduced sympathetic activity reduce cardiac stroke volume reduce heart rate purpose prevent strokes/myocardial infarction/cardiac arrythmias nonselective Beta blocker anti-hypertensive drug pharmacodynamics influence antisympathetic activity in CNS is lipid soluble and crosses blood-brain barrier sodium-channel blocking and prevents action potential propagation down an axon blocks action of epinephrine and norepinephrine at Beta 1 and 2 adrenergic receptors pharmokinetics metabolites are excreted in urine main metaoblite hydroxypropanolol is 5.2 to 7.5
hours first pass metabolism: drug is metabolized at liver resulting in reduced systemic concentrations >90% of drug is bound to plasma proteins in the blood maximum plasma levels occurs 1-3 hours after ingestion completely absorbed
