Water pollution has far-reaching consequences on both the environment and human populations. Contaminants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons drastically alter water quality, making it unsafe for consumption and harmful to aquatic life.
Since water whether underground or from any neighboring sea the people of Yemen do not have access to clean water. Under 55% of Yemenis have access to clean water and 71%-78% Yemenis live under the poverty line. Thanks to the poverty and polluted water people of Yemen have no where to get water from except from filtered plastic bottles that 3 out of 4 yemenis cant afford.
Picture of people in yemen using what little of clean water they have
Pollutants in water
Homogenous: Same substance mixture
Heterogenous: Different substance mixture.
Mixtures
More than Maximum concentration of solute
that can't be dissolved in a solvent
Maximum concentration of solute
that can be dissolved in a solvent
Solute concentration is lower than its equilibrium solubility.
Unsaturated
Saturated
Super Saturated
Saturation Level
Dipole-Dipole
Hydrogen Bonding
Inter Molecular Forces
+
Hydroxyl + Sodium (OH + Na)
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Water (H2O)
Solute: Substance that dissolves in a solvent.
Solvents: Substance that dissolves a solute.
Eutrophication: chemicals such as nitrates and phosphates enrich the water and promotes algae growth. This restricts the amount of sunlight in the water due to algal blooms and it decreases the amount of dissolved O2 in the water
Diagram of Eutrophication:
Solutions Solvents
Atmosphere
Oil Spills
Illegal dumping of waste
Sewage
Agriculture
Raods and urban areas
ph Indicators
methyl red
bromothymol blue
thymol blue
methyl orange
phenolphthalein
Litmus
pH indicator: substances that changes color from a solution's pH level after coming in contact with it.
pH: A scale used to identify if the substance is acidic or basic (aqueous solution).
Floating topic
That CO2 produced makes water levels more acidic producing carbonic acid.
Animals and plants die from lack of clean water which produces excessive amounts of CO2
Yemen Oil Spill
Base
11-14 pH
8-10 pH
Strong
Weak
4-6 pH
0-3 pH
Acid
Some substances like sodium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide change the pH of water. This makes harmful elements to the sea plant and animal life dissolve in water much easily which does not result well for those lives.
Effects on humans and animals which rely on water
Yemen is suffering permanent damage to its valuable fisheries. Due to water pollution and hydrocarbon extraction.
Side effects of Eutrophication: Eutrophication alters the water's pH levels by the now existing algie decomposing and releasing CO2
Side effect of Bioaccumulation: Bioaccumulation kills sea animals that may be predators controlling prey populations or kills of fish that humans use for food.
Diagram of bioaccumulation:
Water Crisis in yeman
Eutrophication: algae growth happens when chemicals like phosphates and nitrates are abundant in water. The bloom of the algae causes lack of O2 and light from the sun entering water as it is blocked by the algae causing some fish life to struggle.
Bioaccumulation: When a food chain is disturb from toxic substances, this is called bioaccumulation. Bioaccumulation occurs in yemen because of the lack of sewage treatment plants,over-use of pesticides and fertilizers, poor sanitation and factory wastes.
