ANTIBIOTICS

INHIBITION OF CELL MEMBRANE FUNCTION

INHIBITION OF NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS

INHIBITION OF CELL WALL SYNTHESIS

INHIBITION OF BACTERIAL ENZYMES/METABOLIC PATHWAYS

PENICILLIN

ALLERGIC REACTION

NEPHROTOXIC

BLACK HAIRY TONGUE (CHRONIC)

CEPHALOSPORIN

GASTROINTESTINAL IRRITATIONS

NEPHROTOXICITY

DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY INFECTIONS

CARBAPENEM

ALLERGIC REACTIONS

NAUSEA

SEIZURES

GLYCOPEPTIDES

OTOTOXICITY

NEPHROTOXICITY

NEUTROPENIA

RED MAN SYNDROME

ERYTHROMYCIN

ABDOMINAL CRAMPS, NAUSEA, VOMITING,DIARRHOEA

ALLERGIC REACTIONS

CHOLESTATIC HEPATITIS

INHIBITS HEPATICE METABOLISM OF WARFARIN, DIGOXIN

CLINDAMYCIN

SEVERE DIARRHEA

COLITIS

FUSIDIC ACID

JAUNDICE

TETRACYCLINES

HAEMATOLOGIC : EOSINOPHILIA

ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA

TOOTH PIGMENTATION

GASTROINTESTINAL : IRRITATIVE REACTION

SUPERINFECTION , EG: CANDIDIASIS

RENAL TOXICITY

NEPHROTOXICITY

ALLERGIC REACTIONS

TRIMETHOPRIM

GI DISTURBANCES

STEVEN-JOHNSON SYNDROME

CHLORAMPHENICOL

TOXICITY

GASTROINTESTINAL

SUPERINFECTIONS

INHIBITION OF RED CELL MATURATION

GRAY BABY SYNDROME

DECREASED RBC

CYANOSIS

CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE

DRUG INTERACTIONS

PHENYTOIN

WARFARIN

AMINOGLYCOSIDE

OTOTOXIC

NEPHROTOXIC

QUINOLONE

GI

NAUSEA

VOMITING

DIARRHOEA

CNS

HEADACHE

DIZZINESS

ALLERGIC REACTIONS

BLOCKAGE OF POTASSIUM CHANNELS

TERATOGENIC (IN PREGNANCY)

ISONIAZID

HEPATOTOXICITY

NEUROTOXICITY

RIFAMPIN

HEPATITIS

PYRAZINAMIDE

NAUSEA

VOMITTING

HEPATOTOXICITY

ETHAMBUTOL

NEUROPATHY : OPTIC NEURITIS

STREPTOMYCIN

OTOTOXICITY

Penicillin

Penicillin G

streptococcal
infections

syphilis

Extended-spectrum
penicillin

respiratory tract
infections
(inc H. influenzae

UTIs (inc E. coli)

Gram positive
cocci
(inc enterococci)

Anti-pseudomonal penicillin

Gram positive
& negative
bacteria

Pseudomonas
aeruginosa

mixed aerobic
& anaerobic
bacteria

Cephalosporin

Staphylococcus infections

1st Gen.
Cephalexin

Gram positive cocci except enterococci & MRSA

UTIs

Respiratory tract infections

2nd Gen.
Cefaclor
cefuroxime, cefoxitin

mixed aerobic & anaerobic infections anaerobic

Klebsiella & Haemophilus influenzae

3rd Gen.
ceftriaxone,
cefoxitin
ceftazidime

Gram positive cocci

Gram negative cocci

Gram negative rod

4th Gen.
Cefepime

similar to 3rd Gen.

5th Gen.
Ceftaroline

Gram positive cocci (inc MRSA)

Gram negative rods

Carbapenems

Broad spectrum

Gram positive cocci and rods

Gram negative cocci and rods

Anaerobic bacteria

Cephalosporin resistant bacteria

Empiric therapy

Intra-abdominal sepsis

septicaemia

meningitis

Glycopeptides
Vancomycin
teicoplanin

MRSA

septicaemia

Ampicillin resistant enterococcus

endocarditis

Clostridium difficile

antibiotic associated collitis

Clindamycin

Prevention of infective
endocarditis in patients
allergic to penicillin

Anaerobic gram negative bacilli

Fusidic Acid

Staphylococcal infections
in combination
with other antibiotics

Tetracyclines

Broad spectrum

Gram positive & negative bacteria, anaerobes

Chlamydia

Rickettsia

Mycoplasma

Vancomycin resistant enterococcus

S. aureus

Community-acquired MRSA

Trimethoprim

UTI

RTI

Gastrointestinal
infections

Pneumocystis
pneumonia

Chloramphenicol

Pneumococcal &
meningococcal meningitis
in beta-lactam sensetive persons

Rickettsial disease

Anaerobic infection

Topical antimicrobial agent

Aminoglycoside
-Streptomycin
-Amikacin
-Gentamycin
-Neomycin
-Netilmicin

Staphylococcus aureus infections

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections

Septicaemia in burn cases

Hospital acquired infections

Quinolone

UTI

Prostatitis

Gastrointestinal
infections

Typhoid

Traveller's diarrhoea

Shigellosis

Cholera

RTI

Osteomyelitis

-Isoniazid
-Rifampin
-Ethambutol
-Pyrazinamide

Tuberculosis Agents

Erythromycin

penicillin allergic patients

Staphylococcal infections

Unidentified respiratory infections

S. pneumoniae

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Legionella pneumoniae