Binary language
Registers
Holds temporary data that the CPU needs to execute
Preform operations
Store resulting data
Buffer overloads
Violation of memory security
Buffer is a specific area of memory
Receives more data then can hold -> overload
Enables attacker to input malicious codes
Shell code
Small piece of code used as payload in exploitation of a software
Bug exploration
Taking advantage of a bug or vulnerability to find problems
Memory corruption
NOP sled
Means no operation
Hard to find exact location of memory of the pointer