Cheat Sheet
part II

indicate the amount or quantity
of something referred to by a noun

all, some, any,
much, enough, no
half, double, both

phrases that indicate actions
literal or idiomatic meaning

verb + preposition/adverb

Subject + Modal Verb + Verb (base form of the infinitive)

to express ability, obligation,
permission, assumptions, probability and possibility,
requests, offers, and advice.

Can, Could, May,
Might, Must, Shall,
Should, Will, Would.

non-occurrence or non-existence
of a future action or state is
a consequence of some unlikely,
hypothetical prior action or state

0

general truths

present + present

1

possible situation with its probable result

present + future

2

hypothetical situation and its probable result

past + prsent conditional/present continuous

3

unreal past situation that wouldn't have a real result

past perfect + perfect conditional

mixed

unreal past situation and its
probable result in the present

past perfect + present conditional