Colonizing Mars - Biology

Oxygen is scarce on Mars, making up only 0.1 percent of the air, far too little for humans to exist. You would instantly die if you attempted to breathe without a spacesuit on the surface of Mars.

It has canyons, volcanoes, dried lake beds, and craters all over its stony surface. Its surface is mostly covered with red dust. Like Earth, Mars has wind and clouds. Red dust can occasionally be blown by the wind into a dust storm.

Mars is usually not a good place for life as we know it to be. For example, the Martian surface is constantly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation since there is no protective ozone layer and winter temperatures can drop below -100 degrees Celsius.

No evidence of past or present life has been discovered on Mars as of yet.

According to a recent study, the air on Mars is so thin that even some of the simplest and oldest species on Earth may survive there.

On Mars, cyanobacteria, often known as blue-green algae, and water gathered from the soil would form the base of food systems.

Living in water, means that cyanobacteria can produce their own food. Since they are bacteria, they are typically single-celled and fairly small, yet they frequently form colonies that are large enough to be seen.

95% by volume of carbon dioxide (CO2), 2.6% molecular nitrogen (N2), 1.9% argon (Ar), 0.16% molecular oxygen (O2), and 0.06% carbon monoxide (CO).