Teaching English as a
Second Language
Productive Skills
Writing
Tasks
Copying
Exercises
Guided writing
Process writing
Unguided writing
Ideas
Sample texts
Text-starts
Brainstorming
Give feedback on drafts
Possible procedure
1. Introduce topic
2. Explain task
3. Brainstorm
4. Fast-write
5. Select and reject ideas
6. Structure ideas
Give feedback
7. Plan the text
Look at models
Decide on style
Look up vocabulary and structures
Give feedback
8. Write draft
Give feedback
9. Revise and edit
Speaking
Ideas
Role playing
Simulation
Buzz groups
Brainstorming
Receptive Skills
Reading
Tasks
Extensive Reading
Map the story
Guess what's going
to happen
Intensive Reading
Put these
pictures in order
Read the text and make
a list of particular items
Listening
Tasks
General Overview
Specific Details
Don't
Overwhelm students
Change tasks or goals mid-way
Give them the answers
Do
Make sure all the group is following
Give feedback
Help when necessary
Repeat the recording enough times
Possible Procedure
Introduce Topic
Pre-task Work
Set Task
Read or Listen
Was the task accomplished?
Yes
Conclude
No
Strategies
Top-down
Analysis
Gets the general
idea first
Skimming
Scanning
Bottom-up
Synthesis
Builds meaning
from small details